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aromatic compounds
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Cards (89)
Who is the presenter of the video on aromatic compounds?
Chris Harris
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What is the main focus of the video?
To review
OCR A
aromatic compounds
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For which exam board is the video specifically designed?
OCR A
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What is the purpose of the video for students?
To
review
content or learn new
material
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Are the videos available for free?
Yes
,
they are completely free
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What does the presenter ask viewers to do to show support?
Subscribe to
the
channel
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What can viewers purchase related to the video content?
A
private copy
of the
slides
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Why is exam technique important according to the presenter?
It helps in answering
exam questions
effectively
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What specific content does the video cover regarding benzene?
Benzene
electrophilic substitution
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What is the molecular formula of benzene?
C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>
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How are the carbon atoms in benzene bonded?
Each carbon is bonded to two other
carbons
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What is the bond length of carbon-carbon bonds in benzene?
139
picometers
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Why do all carbon-carbon bonds in benzene have the same length?
Due to
delocalized electrons
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How does the stability of benzene compare to cyclohexene?
Benzene
is more
stable
than
cyclohexene
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What is the enthalpy change of hydrogenation for cyclohexene?
-120
kilojoules per mole
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What would be the expected enthalpy change of hydrogenation for benzene if it had three double bonds?
-360
kilojoules per mole
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What is the actual enthalpy change of hydrogenation for benzene?
-208 kilojoules
per mole
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What does a lower enthalpy value indicate about benzene's stability?
Benzene
is more
stable
than
expected
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What is a 'wings' in chemistry?
A substance with a
benzene ring
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How are substituents named on a benzene ring?
By numbering the
carbons
to give
lowest numbers
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What is phenol?
A
benzene
ring with an
-OH
group
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What is the reaction type when bromine is added to an alkene?
Electrophilic addition
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What happens to bromine water when added to an alkene?
It changes color from brown to
colorless
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What is an electrophile?
An
electron-loving
species
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What does the presence of a double bond in alkenes indicate?
High
electron density
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How does bromine behave when approaching a double bond?
It becomes polarized due to
electron repulsion
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What happens to electrons in a double bond when bromine approaches?
They
move
to
one side
of the
molecule
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What is the role of bromine in the reaction described?
Bromine acts as the
electrophile
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What is an electrophile?
An
electron-loving
species that attacks
electron-rich
areas
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What does bromine add to in the reaction?
It adds to the
alkene
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How does bromine become polarized when approaching a double bond?
Electrons in the double bond
repel
and shift
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What happens to the bromine-bromine bond during the reaction?
The bromine-bromine
bond
breaks
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What type of intermediate is formed after bromine adds to the alkene?
A
carbocation
intermediate is formed
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What ion is produced when the bromine-bromine bond breaks?
A
BR
minus ion is produced
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What is the result of the reaction between the carbocation and BR minus?
A
colorless
compound is formed
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What is the difference between electrophilic addition and electrophilic substitution reactions?
Electrophilic addition:
Electrophile
adds to a
double bond
Electrophilic substitution: Electrophile replaces a hydrogen in a
stable ring
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What type of reaction do alkenes undergo?
Electrophilic
addition
reactions
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Why do benzene rings undergo electrophilic substitution instead of addition?
To maintain stability of the
delocalized electrons
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What are the two mechanisms for electrophilic substitution in benzene?
Friedel-Crafts
acylation
and
nitration
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What is the role of the halogen carrier in Friedel-Crafts acylation?
It produces a stronger
electrophile
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See all 89 cards
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