group 1

• how are elements arranged in the periodic table

  ordered by increasing atomic number , elements in the group have the same number of electrons in the outer shell

  elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells
• how many electrons are in the outer shell of a group 1 element

  1
• why do elements in the same group have similar chemical properties

  they have the same number of the electrons in the outer shell
• what group of the periodic table are the alkali metals

  group 1
• list 2 properties of alkali metals

  relatively low melting and boiling points

  very soft , can be cut with a knife

  tarnish easily

  when dissolved in water they form alkali solutions
• why are group 1 metals called the alkali metals

  they react with water to create alkali solutions
• what are the products of the reaction between lithium and water

  lithium hydroxide + hydrogen
• write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction of sodium with water

  2Na +2H2O = 2NaOH +h2
• why should alkali metals be stored in oil

  to prevent them reacting with water vapour and oxygen
• what would be observed when lithium reacts with water

  slowest reaction of alkali metals

  bubbles of hydrogen are produced

  will fizz

  wont melt as it has the highest melting point of all alkali metals

  will move around the surface
• how does sodium react with water


  it will fizz vigorously more than lithium , it will also melt as the heat of the reaction would of met sodiums melting point , hydrogen bubbles produced , will move around the surface of the water
• how does potassium react with water

  will react more vigorously than sodium and lithium with water , it will melt and the potassium will get hot enough to ignite the hydrogen bubbles and create a fire , it will move around the surface
• what is the order of reactivity with the first 3 alkali metals

  lithium<sodium<potassium
• predict the reactivity trend going down group 1

  reactivity increases as you go down group 1
• why does reactivity increase as you go down group 1

  the number of electron shells increases down the group so there is more electron shielding , as a result , there is weaker attraction betweeen the nucleus and the outer shell electron , this means it is easier to lose the electron and form a positive metal ion , furthermore the forces of attraction weaken as the atoms get bigger
• what group 1 element would you expect to react the most vigorously with water

  francium as it is at the bottom of group 1