Momentum part 2

• What is momentum equal to?

  Mass times velocity
• How does applying a force affect an object's momentum?

  It changes the object's momentum
• If a 2 kg particle travels at 5 m/s, what is its momentum?

  10 kg m/s
• What happens to momentum when velocity increases?

  Momentum also increases
• What is the new momentum of a 2 kg particle traveling at 8 m/s?

  16 kg m/s
• What is the equation for calculating force based on momentum change?

  Force = change in momentum / time
• If the change in momentum is 6 kg m/s and the time is 0.5 s, what is the force applied?

  12 N
• What is the initial momentum of an object before it is hit if its final momentum is 16 kg m/s?

  10 kg m/s
• How do you calculate the force required to accelerate a 600 g ball to 14 m/s in 0.1 s?

  Use the momentum change equation
• What is the initial velocity of a ball that starts from rest?

  Zero
• What is the mass of a 600 g ball in kilograms?

  0.6 kg
• How do you find the final momentum of a 600 g ball moving at 14 m/s?

  Multiply mass by final velocity
• What is the force required to accelerate a 600 g ball to 14 m/s in 0.1 s?

  84 N
• Why is the change in momentum significant during car crashes?

  It can cause injuries due to high force
• How can the risk of injury in car crashes be reduced?

  By spreading the change in momentum over time
• What safety features are required in cars to reduce injury risk during crashes?

  • Crumple zones
  • Seat belts
  • Airbags
• How do crumple zones help in a car crash?

  • Absorb impact
  • Increase time for momentum loss
  • Reduce force experienced by occupants
• What are the functions of seat belts in a car crash?

  • Prevent ejection from the car
  • Slow down the occupant's movement
• How do airbags contribute to safety in car crashes?

  • Compressible like a pillow
  • Increase time for momentum loss
• What is the common principle behind safety systems like helmets and crash mats?

  • Increase time for momentum loss
  • Reduce force acting on the person
• What is the force applied if the change in momentum is 6 kg m/s over 0.5 seconds?

  12 N
• What happens to momentum when a car collides with a brick wall?

  Momentum decreases to zero almost instantly
• Why is it important to spread the change in momentum over time during a collision?

  To reduce the force experienced by occupants
• What is the effect of a sudden change in momentum on car occupants?

  It can cause injuries like head trauma
• What is the final momentum of a 600 g ball moving at 14 m/s?

  8.4 kg m/s
• What is the role of time in the equation for force related to momentum change?

  It determines the magnitude of force