How did Hitler become chancellor

• What was the outcome of the 1928 elections for the Nazis?

  They had only 12 seats in the Reichstag
• How did the Nazis' position change by January 1933?

  They controlled the German government
• Who stood for re-election in March 1932?

  Hindenburg
• What was Hindenburg's age during the 1932 election?

  84 years old
• Why was Hindenburg's re-election significant?

  It was hoped to bring stability
• What was the result of Hindenburg's first election attempt?

  He could not secure 50% of the vote
• What modern campaign method did Hitler use?

  Flying around the country
• What was Chancellor Bruning's main struggle?

  Securing the economy
• What were Bruning's two politically fatal errors?

  Ban on SS and mass land buy-up
• Why did Bruning resign?

  He lost political allies and support
• Who became Chancellor after Bruning?

  Von Papen
• What was Von Papen's background?

  He was an army officer and adviser
• What was the public's reaction to Von Papen's appointment?

  Outrage at the lack of democracy
• How did Von Papen and Hindenburg govern?

  By emergency decree using Article 48
• What happened in the July 1932 elections?

  Nazis won 38% of the vote
• How many seats did the Nazis have after the July 1932 elections?

  230 seats
• Why did Hindenburg refuse to appoint Hitler as Chancellor?

  He disliked Hitler personally
• What was the outcome of the November 1932 elections for the Nazis?

  They lost seats but remained the biggest party
• Who replaced Von Papen as Chancellor?

  Schleicher
• What did Schleicher threaten to do?

  Establish a military dictatorship
• When was Hitler appointed Chancellor?

  January 30, 1933
• What was Hindenburg and Von Papen's expectation of Hitler?

  They thought they could control him
• What was the outcome of Hindenburg's gamble with Hitler?

  Hitler became the undisputed leader
• How did Hindenburg view democracy?

  He preferred a strong leader
• What did the events of 1932-1933 mark according to Richard J Evans?

  The end of parliamentary democracy in Germany
• What were the main events leading to Hitler's appointment as Chancellor?

  • 1928: Nazis had 12 seats
  • January 1933: Nazis controlled government
  • March 1932: Hindenburg re-elected
  • May 1932: Bruning resigns
  • May 1932: Von Papen appointed Chancellor
  • July 1932: Nazis become biggest party
  • November 1932: Nazis lose seats but remain biggest
  • December 1932: Schleicher appointed Chancellor
  • January 30, 1933: Hitler appointed Chancellor
• What were the consequences of the political decisions made by Hindenburg, Von Papen, and Schleicher?

  • Shift away from democracy
  • Rise of Nazi power
  • Establishment of a dictatorship
  • Failure to control Hitler
• What were the key factors in Hitler's rise to power?

  • Economic instability in Germany
  • Political miscalculations by leaders
  • Use of modern campaigning techniques
  • Public disillusionment with democracy