Ethics

• Who believed that the Self exists in two parts?

  Socrates
• What are the two parts of the Self according to Socrates?

  Physical body and immortal soul
• What does Socrates mean by "Know thyself"?

  To question oneself and others
• What is the significance of the quote "An unexamined life is not worth living"?

  It emphasizes the importance of self-reflection
• What are the two realms described by Socrates?

  Physical Realm and Ideal Realm
• What does the Physical Realm represent according to Socrates?

  Changeable, transient, and imperfect body
• What does the Ideal Realm represent according to Socrates?

  Unchanging, eternal, and immortal soul
• How does Plato describe the self?

  As an immortal soul in a mortal body
• What is the tripartite nature of the soul according to Plato?

  Rational, spirited, and appetitive parts
• What does Plato mean by "Life is a continuous ascent towards the world of ideas"?

  To free our soul from the body's imprisonment
• What does Aristotle believe the self is composed of?

  Body and soul, mind and matter
• What is Aristotle's Theory of Golden Mean?

  Focus on moderation and avoid extremes
• According to Aristotle, what leads to human happiness?

  Harmonious development of the whole self
• What does St. Augustine say about the self?

  It is a soul in possession of a body
• According to St. Augustine, where can true happiness be found?

  In God alone
• What does St. Augustine mean by "Virtue is the order of love"?

  Love should be prioritized in life
• What does St. Augustine teach against?

  Hedonism
• What does St. Thomas Aquinas proclaim about reason?

  It is supreme in a human person
• What does Aquinas say about the immortality of the soul?

  It leads to a higher form of human perfection
• What is Descartes' famous statement?

  "I think, therefore, I am."
• What does Descartes mean by dualism?

  Self is an immaterial mind and material body
• What does John Locke mean by "tabula rasa"?

  The mind is a blank slate at birth
• What does Locke emphasize about early experiences?

  They are foundational for the self
• What does Kant say about the inner and outer self?

  They together form consciousness
• What is the Kantian Categorical Imperative?

  Act according to maxims that can be universal laws
• What does Maurice Merleau Ponty say about the self?

  It is a union between mind and body
• What does Gilbert Ryle argue about the mind and body?

  They are one and the same
• What are the three steps in Cooley's looking-glass self theory?

  Imagine appearance, judge, develop feelings
• What does socialization involve?

  Learning values, attitudes, and behaviors
• How does anthropology approach the study of the self?

  By integrating various models holistically
• What does Quinn say about the self?

  It encompasses physical, biological, psychological, social, and cultural aspects
• How do physical characteristics affect culture according to anthropology?

  They influence ways of life and behavior
• How does culture affect physical characteristics?

  It can shape physical expressions like tattoos
• What are the characteristics of the self from a philosophical perspective?

  • Dualism (mind and body)
  • Immortal soul vs. mortal body
  • Tripartite nature of the soul
  • Development through social experiences
  • Integration of mind and body
• What are the key concepts of self from a sociological perspective?

  • Socialization shapes self-image
  • Significant others influence self
  • Generalized other reflects societal expectations
  • Looking-glass self theory by Cooley
• What are the main perspectives on the self from an anthropological viewpoint?

  • Holistic approach to self
  • Integration of physical, psychological, and cultural aspects
  • Interaction between physical characteristics and culture
• What approach does anthropology use to study the self?

  A holistic approach integrating various models
• How do physical characteristics affect culture?

  They influence people's way of life
• What is an example of physical characteristics affecting culture?

  Humans walk upright on two legs
• How does culture affect physical characteristics?

  Through practices like tattooing for cultural reasons