top #9 - fromm: humanistic psychoanalysis

• What is the main concept of Psychoanalytic Social Theory?

  It focuses on social influences on personality.
• What fundamental styles do people use to combat anxiety?

  They relate to others in various ways.
• Name three general ways people protect themselves from feeling alone.

  Submission, power, and love.
• What is Erich Fromm's basic thesis regarding modern humans?

  • Humans are separated from nature and each other.
  • They possess reasoning, foresight, and imagination.
  • This separation leads to feelings of loneliness and isolation.
• What condition does humanistic psychoanalysis associate with humanity's separation from nature?

  Basic anxiety.
• How does humanistic psychoanalysis differ from traditional psychology?

  It focuses on historical and cultural perspectives.
• What evolutionary view does Fromm hold about humanity?

  Humans lost instincts but gained self-awareness.
• When was Erich Fromm born?

  March 23, 1900.
• How did Fromm describe his childhood?

  He had very neurotic parents.
• What significant event occurred when Fromm was 14?

  World War I began.
• Which two thinkers influenced Fromm during his adolescence?

  Freud and Karl Marx.
• At what age did Fromm receive his PhD in sociology?

  Either 22 or 25.
• Why did Fromm turn to psychoanalysis?

  He sought answers to human motivation.
• In what year did Fromm marry Frieda Reichmann?

  1926.
• What was the purpose of the South German Institute for Psychoanalysis?

  To advance psychoanalytic research and practice.
• Where did Fromm move due to the Nazi threat?

  Switzerland.
• What was Fromm's relationship with Karen Horney?

  He renewed acquaintance and joined her association.
• When did Fromm marry Henny Gurland?

  In 1944.
• What influenced Fromm's interest in Zen Buddhism?

  His marriage to Henny Gurland.
• Where did Fromm establish a psychoanalytic department?

  National Autonomous University in Mexico City.
• What happened to Fromm in 1974?

  He suffered a serious heart attack.
• When did Fromm die?

  March 18, 1980.
• How did Fromm's approach to psychotherapy change over time?

  He developed more active and confrontational methods.
• What are the five important influences on Fromm's thinking?

  1. Teachings of humanistic rabbis
  2. Revolutionary spirit of Karl Marx
  3. Ideas of Sigmund Freud
  4. Rationality of Zen Buddhism
  5. Writings on matriarchal societies
• What is Fromm's most basic assumption about personality?

  It can only be understood through human history.
• What does Fromm call the human ability to reason?

  The human dilemma.
• What are Fromm's existential dichotomies?

  1. Life and Death
  2. Self-realization vs. life's brevity
  3. Isolation vs. the need for connection
• What are the five human needs according to Fromm?

  1. Relatedness
  2. Transcendence
  3. Rootedness
  4. Self-Identity
  5. Frame of Orientation
• What does relatedness involve according to Fromm?

  The drive for union with others.
• What are the three basic ways a person may relate to the world?

  Submission, power, and love.
• How does Fromm define love?

  Union with someone while retaining individuality.
• What is transcendence in Fromm's theory?

  The urge to rise above passive existence.
• What does rootedness refer to in Fromm's theory?

  The feeling of belonging in the world.
• What is self-identity according to Fromm?

  Aware of oneself as a unique individual.
• What does the frame of orientation provide for individuals?

  A stable reference to organize perceptions.
• What are the negative and positive components of human needs according to Fromm?

  Negative Components:

  • Submission
  • Domination
  • Destructiveness
  • Fixation
  • Irrational goals

  
  

  Positive Components:

  • Love
  • Creativeness
  • Wholeness
  • Individuality
  • Rational goals
• What is the burden of freedom in Fromm's theory?

  Independence from maternal security brings anxiety.
• What is the purpose of a road map for humans?

  To organize perceptions and navigate the world
• Why is a road map without a goal considered worthless?

  It lacks direction and purpose for navigation
• What do humans need to avoid going insane according to the text?

  A final goal or "object of devotion"