Psychoanalytic approach

• What is the Psychoanalytical approach in psychology?

  It is a theory of personality developed by Freud.
• What did Freud determine about hysteria in women?

  He linked it to physical illnesses.
• What was deemed cathartic in Freud's therapy?

  Talking therapy was deemed cathartic.
• What is the term used to describe the part of the mind that is not accessible to conscious awareness?

  Unconscious
• What does the term 'Psychic Energy' refer to in Freud's theory?

  It refers to the mental energy that drives human behavior.
• What are the three levels of consciousness according to Freud?

  • Conscious
  • Pre-conscious (needs attention)
  • Unconscious
• What is a Freudian slip?

  A Freudian slip is a language error that reveals an unconscious wish.
• What are the two types of content in dreams according to Freud?

  • Manifest content (what we remember)
  • Latent content (hidden meaning - dream symbols)
• What does the term 'libido' refer to in Freud's theory?

  Libido refers to the investment of psychic energy.
• What does the ID represent in Freud's model of personality?

  ID represents innate drives and instant gratification.
• What principle does the ID operate on?

  The Pleasure principle.
• What is the role of the Ego in Freud's theory?

  The Ego operates on the reality principle and develops in the first year of life.
• At what age does the Super Ego develop according to Freud?

  The Super Ego develops between 3 to 5 years of age.
• How does the Super Ego relate to the ID?

  The Super Ego goes against the ID.
• What are the defense mechanisms identified by Freud?

  • Repression: purposely trying to push away thoughts
  • Regression: reverting to immature behaviors
  • Denial: refusing to accept the situation
  • Displacement: transferring emotions
  • Sublimation: channeling frustrations
  • Reaction formation: acting the opposite
  • Rationalization: creating excuses
  • Projection: attributing one's own feelings to others
  • Fixation: being stuck at an immature age
  • Identification: boosting self-esteem
• What does Eros represent in Freud's theory?

  Eros represents the life instinct, which preserves and creates.
• What does Thanatos represent in Freud's theory?

  Thanatos represents the death instinct.
• What are the stages of psychosexual development according to Freud?

  1. Oral stage (0-1 years)
  2. Anal stage (2-3 years)
  3. Phallic stage (4-5 years)
  4. Latency period (6-11 years)
  5. Genital stage (12+ years)
• What is the focus of the Oral stage in Freud's psychosexual development?

  The focus is on sucking and biting.
• What are the characteristics of the Anal stage in Freud's theory?

  It involves expulsion and retention behaviors.
• What is the Oedipus complex in Freud's theory?

  The Oedipus complex involves boys attaching to their mothers and fearing their fathers.
• What is the Electra complex in Freud's theory?

  The Electra complex involves girls experiencing penis envy and attaching to their fathers.
• What can fixation in Freud's theory lead to?

  Fixation can lead to recklessness and fear of intimacy.
• What characterizes the Latency period in Freud's psychosexual development?

  The Latency period is characterized by dormant libido and a focus on friendships.
• What is the focus of the Genital stage in Freud's theory?

  The focus is on same-sex intercourse and relationships outside the family.
• What does Freud suggest prevents incestuous desires?

  Freud suggests that the incest taboo prevents incestuous desires.