Gas exchange in the lungs (adaptations)

• What is the main function of the lungs in the human body?

  The main function of the lungs is gas exchange.
• How does blood collect oxygen in the lungs?

  Blood collects oxygen in the lungs when it is pumped from the heart to the lungs.
• What is the pathway of air into the lungs?

  Air passes into the lungs through a tube called the trachea.
• What structural feature of the trachea prevents it from collapsing?

  The trachea contains rings of cartilage that prevent it from collapsing.
• What happens to the trachea after it splits?

  The trachea splits into two smaller tubes called bronchi.
• What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs called?

  The tiny air sacs in the lungs are called alveoli.
• What is the primary function of alveoli?

  The primary function of alveoli is to facilitate gas exchange.
• How do gases move in and out of the bloodstream at the alveoli?

  Oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream at the alveoli.
• What adaptations do alveoli have for efficient gas exchange?

  Alveoli have a large surface area, thin walls, and a good blood supply for efficient gas exchange.
• Why is a good blood supply important for alveoli?

  A good blood supply ensures that oxygen is rapidly removed, maintaining a steep concentration gradient.
• How does breathing affect gas exchange in the lungs?

  Breathing brings fresh oxygen into the alveoli and removes carbon dioxide, increasing the concentration gradients.
• Where can students find questions on the adaptations of the lungs?

  Students can find questions on the adaptations of the lungs in the revision workbook.
• What are the key adaptations of the lungs for gas exchange?

  • Millions of alveoli provide a large surface area
  • Very thin walls of alveoli shorten the diffusion path
  • Good blood supply ensures rapid removal of oxygen
  • Breathing increases the concentration gradients for gases