Situational A01

• Proximity variation

  T and S in same room
• Obedience from 1st proxy

  Fell down from baseline 65% to 40%
• 2nd proxy

  T forcing L's hand on electro shock plate when refused to answer question
• Obedience in 2nd proxy

  Fell further to 30%
• 3rd proxy


  Experimenter left room gave instructions via telephone
• Further reductiondue to 3rd proxy


  obedience fell to 20.5%
• Pretended

  Ppts often pretended to give shocks
• Weaker shocks

  Ppts often gave weaker shocks than they ordered to
• Location

  Milgram changed location to a run down building
• Obedience in new location

  Obedience fell to 47.5% in the new location
• Uniform


  Experimenter wore a grey lab coat
• Telephone

  Experimenter was called away due to an inconvenient telephone
• Confederate


  A member of the public took the experimenter's role
• Obedience with the confederate

  Obedience fell to 20% in the presence of the confederate