mitosis

• Chromatids are copies of a specific chromosome
• Homologous pairs are chromosomes or chromatids that have the same gene loci
• Gene loci is the location of a gene on a chromosome
• Non sister chromatids are not the same because they do not have the same gene loci as the chromosome they are replicated from
• A sister chromatid is a replica of a chromosome
• mitosis creates 2 genetically identical cells to the parent cell
• Telophase = two

  • new chromosomes pair up at the opposite poles
  • nuclear membrane forms around new chromosomes at each pole

  
• Anaphase = away

  • spindle fibres contract and break apart chromatids
  • Pull the chromatids to opposite poles of the cell

  
• Metaphase = middle

  • chromatid pairs line up at equator of the cell
  • spindle fibres formed form centrioles attach to centromere

  
• Prophase = pair

  • chromosomes condense into chromatids and become visible
  • nuclear membrane dissolves
  • chromatid pairs held by centromere

  
• what happens in interphase

  D DNA replication

  O organelle replication

  P Protein synthesis

  A ATP production
• Malignant tumours invade the bloodstream to invade healthy tissues to produce secondary tumours. This is called metastasis
• Proto oncogenes can cause cancer by making a cell stuck in a state of uncontrollable division
• Tumor suppressors stop cell division. If this gene is damaged it will lead to uncontrolled cell division
• Binary fission is how prokaryotes asexually reproduce
• Binary fission created 2 genetically identical daughter cells
• Virus cells replicate inside of healthy cells by injecting its nucleic acid into the host cells nucleus