Proteins

• Primary structure is the sequence/ number of amino acids within the polypeptide chain
• Secondary structure is hydrogen bonds between negative carboxyl group and positive amine group to form alpha helices or beta pleated sheets
• Tertiary structure is hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds and disulphide bonds between the R groups of amino acids to fold the protein

  Can be counted as a protein now
• Quaternary structure is with 2 or more polypeptide chains with a prosthetic group
• A prosthetic group is a non protein group
• 2 amino acids bond together to form a dipeptide
• 2 or more amino acids bond to make polypeptides
• Amino acids are amphoteric which means they be a base or acid because of its differing functional groups. This allows them to buffer ph and not denature
• They have a positive and negative charged poles making them zwitter ions
• Amino acids have a carboxyl group and an amino group
• Peptide bonds form between amino acids by condensation reaction
• Primary structure of a protein is the number and sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
• Secondary structure are the hydrogen bonds between the amine and carboxyl groups of amino acids. This makes the peptide chains twist into alpha helices or beta pleated sheets
• Tertiary structure is the 3D shape of the protein formed by hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, disulphide bridges in between functional groups to create the proteins specific shape
• A protein is only called a protein after it has formed a tertiary structure
• Proteins with more than one polypeptide chain forms a quaternary structure
• Peptide bond