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The kidneys
How the kidneys work
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Created by
Agatha Steed
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Cards (20)
What is the main job of the kidneys?
To
filter
blood and remove
waste
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What is the main waste product filtered by the kidneys?
Urea
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How is urea produced in the body?
Through
deamination
of
excess
amino acids
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Why is it important to regulate ion levels in the body?
To prevent damage to
cells
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What ions do we get from our diet?
Sodium
and
potassium
ions
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How do we lose ions from our body?
Through
sweating
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What is the primary way we lose water from the body?
Through
urine
produced by
kidneys
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What happens to cells when there is too much water in the body?
They
swell
and may burst
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What is the process called where the kidneys absorb useful substances?
Selective reabsorption
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What structures in the kidneys are responsible for filtering blood?
Nephrons
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What is the analogy used to describe selective reabsorption?
Cleaning
out your house
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What does the hypothalamus detect in the bloodstream?
The
concentration
of water
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What hormone is released by the pituitary gland to regulate water levels?
ADH
(antidiuretic hormone)
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What effect does ADH have on the kidneys?
Increases water
reabsorption
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What happens when water levels in the bloodstream are too high?
Less
ADH
is released
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What is a negative feedback loop in the context of water regulation?
A system that maintains
balance
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What are the main roles of the kidneys?
Remove waste products like
urea
Regulate levels of
ions
and water
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How do the kidneys filter blood and reabsorb substances?
Filtration: Blood passes through
nephrons
Reabsorption: Useful substances like
glucose
are retained
Urine formation
: Waste products are excreted
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How does the body respond to dehydration?
Hypothalamus
detects low water levels
Signals pituitary gland to release
ADH
Kidneys
reabsorb more water
Urine production decreases
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What happens when the body has excess water?
Hypothalamus
reduces
ADH
release
Kidneys reabsorb less water
Urine production
increases
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