A01

• What is the maternal deprivation hypothesis?

  Prolonged separation from the primary caregiver can have a detrimental effect on the emotional and intellectual development of an infant
• State two areas of development affected by maternal deprivation

  Emotional development (affectionless psychopathy) and intellectual development
• Define affectionless psychopathy

  Inability to experience guilt or emotions for others - it is associated with criminality
• Name a study which shows a link between maternal deprivation and poor intellectual development

  Goldfarb (1947)
• Describe the procedure of Goldfarb's study

  - Group 1 - first few months in orphanage and then fostered

  - Group 2 - first 3 years in orphanage and then fostered

  - IQ tested up until age of 12
• Describe the findings of Goldfarb's study

  Group 2 performed less well on IQ test (68) compared to group 1 (96)
• Name a study which shows a link between maternal deprivation and poor emotional development

  Bowlby's 44 Thieves (1944)
• Describe the procedure of Bowlby's 44 thieves study

  - Case studies completed on backgrounds of 44 adolescents who were referred to clinic because they had been stealing

  - Was a control group of emotionally disturbed adolescents who didn't steal for comparison
• Describe the findings of Bowlby's 44 thieves study

  - 17 of the thieves had experienced frequent separations from mother before age of 2, compared to 2 in control group

  - 14 thieves diagnosed as affectionless psychopaths

  - 12/14 experienced separation from mothers

  - Long-term separation from main caregiver early in life can have harmful consequences .