Social influence

• What variables affecting conformity were investigated by Asch?

  Group size, unanimity, and task difficulty
• What effect does increasing group size have on conformity according to Asch?

  Conformity increases with group size
• How is conformity defined in the study material?

  A change in behavior due to pressure
• How does unanimity affect conformity levels?

  A unanimous group increases conformity
• What happens to conformity when there is one dissenting participant?

  Conformity rates greatly decline
• How does task difficulty influence conformity according to Asch's findings?

  More difficult tasks lead to more conformity
• What was the procedure used in Asch's baseline study?

  Participants compared a standard line to three others
• How many trials did each participant take part in during Asch's study?

  18 trials
• What was the main task participants had to perform in Asch's study?

  Identify the line matching the standard line
• What was the gender composition of participants in Asch's study?

  Most participants were male
• Did the gender of participants affect conformity levels in Asch's study?

  No evidence suggests gender affects conformity
• What is the relationship between task difficulty and conformity in Asch's findings?

  Increased difficulty leads to increased conformity
• What limitation is noted regarding the artificiality of Asch's research?

  Tasks were removed from everyday life
• Why might Asch's findings not generalize to all groups?

  Participants were only male students
• What other factors might impact conformity that Asch's study did not consider?

  Social norms and cultural pressures
• How does the number of confederates affect conformity in everyday situations?

  Real-life situations may not have three or more
• What is the ecological validity of Asch's study?

  It lacks ecological validity due to artificiality
• How does conformity differ in collectivist versus individualistic cultures?

  Conformity is higher in collectivist cultures
• What is one strength of Asch's research?

  Support from other studies is available
• What is a counterpoint to the support for Asch's findings?

  Influence may not come solely from group pressure
• What ethical issue is raised by Asch's research?

  Participants were deceived about the study's aim
• What is the significance of debriefing in research studies?

  It ensures participants understand the study's purpose
• What are the three types of conformity mentioned?

  Internalisation, identification, compliance
• What is informational social influence?

  Conforming to gain accurate information
• What is normative social influence?

  Conforming to be accepted by others
• Who conducted research on conformity to social roles?

  Zimbardo
• What are social roles?

  Roles played in various social groups
• What was the main finding of Zimbardo's research?

  People conform to their assigned roles
• What was the setup of the Stanford prison experiment?

  A mock prison was created for the study
• How were participants assigned roles in Zimbardo's study?

  Randomly assigned as guards or prisoners
• What were the instructions given to the guards in Zimbardo's study?

  Vague instructions to maintain order
• What behavior did guards exhibit during the Stanford prison experiment?

  They became increasingly authoritarian
• What happened to the prisoners during the experiment?

  They became submissive and dehumanized
• What extreme behaviors were observed in the guards?

  Increased sadistic behavior and abuse
• What conclusion can be drawn from Zimbardo's study regarding social roles?

  Social roles significantly influence behavior
• How does Zimbardo's research relate to real-life situations?

  It parallels behavior in real prisons
• What is the agentic state in obedience research?

  Acting on behalf of an authority figure
• What is the legitimacy of authority?

  Acceptance of authority's right to command
• What is destructive authority?

  Abuse of power by authority figures
• What ethical issue is associated with Milgram's research?

  Participants were deceived about the shocks