hardwick hall

Cards (110)

  • During which period were many stately homes built?
    Elizabethan period
  • What created wealth and vacant land for the gentry?
    The Dissolution of the Monasteries
  • What is Hardwick Hall an example of?
    An Elizabethan country house
  • When was Hardwick Hall built?
    Between 1590 and 1597
  • Who built Hardwick Hall?
    Elizabeth Hardwick, Countess of Shrewsbury
  • What was Bess of Hardwick known as?
    Bess of Hardwick
  • Who first built the house and garden of Hardwick Hall?
    Sir William Cavendish and Bess of Hardwick
  • How much did Bess pay to bring Hardwick Hall back from Chancery?
    £9,500
  • What happened to Hardwick Hall after Cavendish died?
    Bess' brother owned it until imprisoned
  • What did Bess do from 1585 to 1590?
    Enlarged and remodelled the house
  • What was Bess of Hardwick's social status?
    A member of the gentry
  • How many times was Bess married?
    Four times
  • How did Bess' marriages contribute to her wealth?
    Provided wealth to transform Hardwick Hall
  • Who was Bess' first husband?
    Sir William Cavendish
  • What was the source of Cavendish's wealth?
    The Dissolution of the Monasteries
  • Who was Bess' third husband?
    Sir William St Loes
  • What did Bess' final marriage provide her?
    Higher social status and wealth
  • What industries did Shrewsbury own?
    Agricultural land, coal mines, glassworks
  • Why did Bess remodel Hardwick Hall?
    Her relationship with Shrewsbury broke down
  • What role did Bess and Shrewsbury have with Elizabeth I?
    Guarding Mary Queen of Scots
  • How did Elizabeth I support Bess?
    During Bess' relationship breakdown with Shrewsbury
  • When did the Earl of Shrewsbury die?
    In 1590
  • How old was Bess when the Earl died?
    In her 60s
  • What was Bess' status after the Earl's death?
    One of the richest people in England
  • What qualities was Bess known for?
    Hardworking, organised, good businesswoman
  • What did Bess demonstrate about the gentry class?
    They were becoming increasingly wealthy
  • How is Bess' wealth and status demonstrated?
    Throughout Hardwick Hall
  • Who was Robert Smythson?
    An architect and surveyor
  • What was new about the role of architect during the Elizabethan period?
    It was a newly established profession
  • Where did Smythson work as a stonemason?
    Longleat House
  • What inspired Smythson's designs?
    Renaissance architecture
  • Where is Hardwick Hall located?
    In Derbyshire
  • How far is Hardwick Hall from London?
    150 miles north
  • What was built next to Hardwick Hall?
    Hardwick Old Hall
  • Who owned Hardwick Old Hall?
    Bess' father, John Hardwick
  • What type of house was Hardwick Old Hall?
    A mediaeval manor house
  • What did Bess do to Hardwick Old Hall?
    Renovated it
  • How did Bess' estate utilize the local area?
    Through farming, mining, and factories
  • What animals did Bess farm?
    Sheep and cattle
  • What was done with the meat and food from the animals?
    Sent to the house kitchens