Experimental Design

• What is the relationship between participant sample and independent variable?

  They are combined in experimental design
• What are the two experimental designs mentioned?

  Repeated measures and independent groups design
• What is a repeated measures design?

  All participants complete both conditions
• What is an independent groups design?

  Participants are split into different groups
• What type of data is collected in independent groups design?

  Unrelated data from different groups
• What is a potential issue with independent groups design?

  Participant variables may influence results
• How could participant variables affect a study on temperature and reaction times?

  Younger participants may skew results
• What is a repeated measures design?

  Each participant completes both conditions
• What type of data is collected in repeated measures design?

  Related data from the same participants
• What are order effects in repeated measures design?

  Participants may improve or worsen over time
• How can order effects be controlled in repeated measures design?

  By using counterbalancing
• What does counterbalancing do?

  Balances order effects across conditions
• What is a disadvantage of independent groups design?

  It requires more participants for data
• What is a disadvantage of repeated measures design?

  Participants may guess the study's aims
• What is a matched pairs design?

  Two groups matched on a characteristic
• How are participants assigned in matched pairs design?

  Based on a measured characteristic
• What is the advantage of matched pairs design?

  Reduces participant variables and order effects
• What is a disadvantage of matched pairs design?

  It takes longer to set up
• What is a potential issue with matched pairs design?

  Participants are similar but not identical
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the three experimental designs discussed?

  Strengths:

  • Repeated measures: controls participant variables
  • Independent groups: simpler setup
  • Matched pairs: reduces participant variables and order effects

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Repeated measures: order effects
  • Independent groups: requires more participants
  • Matched pairs: takes longer to set up