Nature of Covalent and Dative Covalent Bonds

• Covalent bonding takes place between non-metal and non metal atoms
• Atoms share some of their outer electrons in order to achieve a stable noble gas structure
• Small group of Covalently Bonded Atoms is called a Molecule e.g Carbon has 6e in arranged as 1s2 2s2 2p2 Hydrogen has 1e

  A) Covalent Bond

  
• In a double bond 4 electrons are shared, 2 atoms in an oxygen molecule share 2 pairs of electrons, configuration 1s2 2s2 2p4

  A) Double Covalent Bond

  
• Properties of covalent compounds: Low melting and boiling points as there are strong covalent bonds between the atoms within molecules, however there is only a weak attraction between molecules