Caregiver Infact Interactions

• Why is communication vital for newborns?

  It aids in attachment development and survival
• How do infants build attachments beyond their mother?

  By interacting with other people in their lives
• What is the definition of attachment?

  Emotional bonds between infant and caregiver
• What do both the infant and caregiver seek in attachment?

  Closeness and security with each other
• What are two types of caregiver-infant interactions?

  Reciprocity and interactional synchrony
• What is reciprocity in caregiver-infant interactions?

  Mutual turn-taking form of interaction
• How does interactional synchrony differ from reciprocity?

  It involves simultaneous actions and coordination
• What is an example of direct imitation in infant interactions?

  Infant and mother making the same facial movements
• What is sensitive responsiveness in caregiver interactions?

  Caregiver pays attention and responds appropriately
• What is child-directed speech?

  A sing-song voice used with infants
• Why is bodily contact important for attachment?

  It fosters emotional bonds and security
• What did midwives ensure after delivery for bonding?

  Skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth
• What evidence supports reciprocity in infants?

  Infants imitate adults' facial gestures
• What did Condon and Sander find about interactional synchrony?

  Infants move rhythmically with adult voices
• What is a limitation of infant research regarding communication?

  Infants can't communicate their thoughts directly
• Why are inferences in infant research problematic?

  They are guesses about internal mental states
• What is a social sensitivity issue in infant research?

  Parents may feel judged based on findings
• What are the four stages of infant attachment identified by Schafer?

  Asocial, indiscriminate, specific, multiple attachment
• What characterizes the asocial stage of attachment?

  Behaviors shown to caregivers and objects
• What happens during the indiscriminate attachment stage?

  Infants recognize familiar adults but lack anxiety
• What is the specific attachment stage characterized by?

  Strong connection to primary caregiver with anxiety
• What occurs in the multiple attachment stage?

  Infants develop attachments to multiple caregivers
• What did Schafer's longitudinal study reveal about attachment?

  Attachment occurs in definable stages
• What is a limitation of Schafer's study sample?

  It lacks generalization beyond working-class mothers
• What does the term "temporal validity" refer to in research?

  Relevance of findings over time
• What percentage of infants had mothers as primary attachment figures?

  65%
• What role do fathers play in infant attachment according to Schafer's study?

  Initially less important than mothers
• What change occurs in fathers' roles by 18 months?

  75% of infants develop attachment to fathers
• How do primary caregiver fathers differ from secondary caregiver fathers?

  Primary caregivers show more sensitive responsiveness
• What did Riso's research find about fathers and socialization?

  Strong attachment to fathers predicts friendship
• What are the social implications of research on fathers' roles?

  May affect perceptions of caregiving roles
• What economic implications arise from recognizing fathers' roles?

  Potential changes in maternity and paternity leave