Resistance To Social Influence

• What percentage of people in Ash's study resisted social pressure?

  25%
• What does resistance to social influence mean?

  Holding out against pressure to conform or obey
• What is a key factor that allows individuals to resist social influence?

  Consistency with their own desired behavior
• What was the mean conformity rate in the studies discussed?

  32%
• What does it mean when participants are independent in a study?

  They do not conform to group pressure
• What percentage of participants in Milgram's experiment refused to continue to the highest shock level?

  35%
• What is social support in the context of resistance to social influence?

  Support from others resisting the group or authority
• How does social support affect conformity?

  It breaks the unanimity of the group
• What was the effect of having two Confederate teachers in Milgram's study?

  Obedience dropped from 65% to 10%
• What does Ash's unanimity variation demonstrate?

  Presence of an ally reduces conformity rates
• What is locus of control?

  It measures personal control over life events
• How does an internal locus of control affect resistance to social pressure?

  It increases personal responsibility for actions
• What did Holland's replication of Milgram's study find regarding locus of control?

  37% of internals refused higher shock levels
• What correlation did Spectre's research find regarding locus of control and conformity?

  External locus correlates with resisting normative influence
• What is a criticism of the relationship between locus of control and resistance to social influence?

  It is correlational, not causal
• What other factors might influence resistance to social influence?

  Social anxiety, morality, and social status
• What are the two explanations of resistance to social influence discussed?

  • Situational explanation: Social support
  • Dispositional explanation: Locus of control
• What are the effects of social support on conformity and obedience?

  • Conformity: Breaks group unanimity
  • Obedience: Challenges authority legitimacy
• How does an internal locus of control influence behavior?

  • Believes in personal control
  • Takes responsibility for actions
  • More likely to resist social pressure
• How does an external locus of control influence behavior?

  • Sees control as outside themselves
  • Less likely to take responsibility
  • More susceptible to social influence
• What are the implications of the findings from Holland's study on locus of control?

  • Supports internal locus resistance
  • Majority still obeyed, indicating partial explanation
• What did Spectre's research reveal about locus of control and conformity?

  • Significant correlation with normative influence
  • No correlation with informational influence
• What are the limitations of the locus of control theory?

  • Correlational relationship
  • Other factors may influence resistance