Ionic compounds

• What is the focus of today's video?

  Structure and properties of ionic compounds
• What is involved in ionic bonding?

  A metal atom transfers electrons to a non-metal
• What do we call the ions formed in ionic bonding?

  Oppositely charged ions
• How do ionic compounds form a bond?

  Through electrostatic forces between ions
• What do ionic compounds generally consist of?

  Tons of ions, not just a couple
• What structure do ionic compounds form?

  Three-dimensional regular lattice structures
• In the drawing, what do the green ions represent?

  Positive sodium ions
• What do ball and stick diagrams represent?

  The different ions and their ionic bonds
• What are two properties of ionic compounds?

  High melting/boiling points and electrical conductivity
• What determines the melting and boiling points of ionic compounds?

  The strength of the ionic bonds holding them together
• Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity only when melted or dissolved?

  Charged particles can move in these states
• What happens to ionic compounds in solid form?

  They cannot conduct electricity
• How do we determine the formula of an ionic compound?

  By balancing the charges of the ions
• What is the formula for sodium chloride?

  NaCl
• How does magnesium form an ion?

  By losing two electrons to become a 2+ ion
• What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

  MgCl2
• What is the charge of a hydroxide ion?

  1-
• What is the formula for calcium hydroxide?

  Ca(OH)2
• What is the charge of a sulfate ion?

  2-
• What is the formula for aluminium sulfate?

  Al2(SO4)3
• What is the formula for a nitrate ion?

  NO3-
• What is the formula for a carbonate ion?

  CO3^2-
• What is the formula for an ammonium ion?

  NH4+
• What are some important ions to memorize for ionic compounds?

  • Hydroxide ion: OH-
  • Sulfate ion: SO4^2-
  • Nitrate ion: NO3-
  • Carbonate ion: CO3^2-
  • Ammonium ion: NH4+
• What are the steps to determine the formula of an ionic compound?

  1. Identify the charges of the ions.
  2. Balance the charges to achieve neutrality.
  3. Write the formula using the appropriate subscripts.