synthetic polymers

• • Synthetic polymers are large molecules made up of repeated subunits known as monomers.
• • They are produced industrially in high volumes and are used in a wide range of applications including plastics, fibres, rubbers, foams, adhesives and coatings among others.
• • Synthetic polymers can be thermoplastic (can be melted and reshaped multiple times) or thermosetting (can only be shaped once).
• • Poly(ethene) or polyethylene: It is one of the simplest and most common synthetic polymers, used in packaging materials, bottles and plastic bags.
• • Poly(propene) or polypropylene: This polymer is used for carpet fibres, plastic containers and plastic furniture.
• • Poly(chloroethene), may also be known as PVC (polyvinyl chloride). It’s used in pipes, window frames and floor coverings.
• • Poly(tetrafluoroethene) or PTFE (also known by the brand name Teflon): It is used in non-stick cookware and electrical insulation.
• • Addition polymerisation: An addition reaction between unsaturated monomers, usually containing a carbon-carbon double bond, to form polymers.
• • Condensation polymerisation: This process involves monomers with two or more reactive groups combining, with the elimination of a small molecule like water. Polyesters and polyamides (nylons) are often made this way.
• Properties of Synthetic Polymers

  • Many polymers are resistant to chemicals and are waterproof. This makes them suitable for use in a range of contexts.
  • However, they are typically non-biodegradable, which means they do not break down easily in the environment and can cause pollution.
  • The physical properties of polymers depend on the nature of the monomers and the structure of the polymer chains.
• Disposal and Recycling of Synthetic Polymers

  • The disposal of synthetic polymers can be challenging due to their non-biodegradable nature.
  • Some synthetic polymers can be recycled, reducing the need for new raw materials and reducing waste.
  • Understanding the disposal and recycling challenges of synthetic polymers is important for both their practical use and environmental implications.