accommodation & visual defects

• What is the process of accommodation in the eye?

  It changes the refractive power of the lens
• Why do glasses help with accommodation issues?

  They provide additional refracting power
• Which parts of the eye are important for accommodation?

  The cornea and the lens
• What role do the ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments play?

  They control the shape of the lens
• Where must light be focused in the eye?

  On the fovea of the retina
• How does the cornea contribute to vision?

  It refracts light consistently
• What happens to light rays from distant objects?

  They are almost parallel when hitting the eye
• How does the lens adjust for nearby objects?

  It becomes short and fat to refract more
• What happens to the ciliary muscle when focusing on nearby objects?

  It contracts inwards towards the lens
• What occurs to the suspensory ligaments when the ciliary muscle contracts?

  They slacken and become loose
• How does the lens adjust for distant objects?

  It stretches out to reduce curvature
• What is the medical term for long-sightedness?

  Hyperopia
• What is the issue with long-sightedness?

  The lens can't refract enough light
• How do glasses help long-sighted individuals?

  They contain convex lenses for extra refraction
• What is the issue with short-sightedness?

  The lens refracts light too much
• How do glasses help short-sighted individuals?

  They contain concave lenses to reduce refraction
• What is the medical term for short-sightedness?

  Myopia
• How do the functions of convex and concave lenses differ in glasses?

  Convex lenses add power; concave lenses reduce power
• What happens to light rays from nearby objects?

  They hit the eye at a wide angle
• How do the ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments work together?

  Ciliary muscles contract; ligaments slacken or tighten
• What is the role of the fovea in vision?

  It is the spot where light focuses
• What is the primary function of the lens in the eye?

  To fine-tune the refraction of light
• How does the shape of the lens affect its refractive power?

  A more curved lens refracts light more strongly
• What is the relationship between the ciliary muscle and the lens during accommodation?

  The ciliary muscle's contraction changes lens shape
• What happens to the lens when focusing on distant objects?

  It becomes stretched and less curved
• What is the effect of the ciliary muscle relaxing?

  It stretches the lens for distant vision
• How does the eye focus light from a nearby object?

  By using a short and fat lens
• What is the difference in light refraction for nearby versus distant objects?

  Nearby objects require more refraction than distant
• What is the role of the suspensory ligaments?

  They hold the lens in place and adjust tension
• What happens to the lens when the ciliary muscle contracts?

  The lens becomes fatter and more curved
• How does the eye accommodate for different distances?

  By changing the shape of the lens
• What is the significance of the fovea in visual acuity?

  It is the area of sharpest vision
• What is the effect of light rays hitting the retina?

  They create a focused image for vision
• What is the primary function of the cornea?

  To refract light entering the eye
• How does the lens change shape during accommodation?

  It becomes more curved for nearby objects
• What happens to the image formed by a long-sighted eye?

  It appears behind the retina and blurry
• What is the purpose of convex lenses in glasses?

  To provide extra refracting power for hyperopia
• What is the purpose of concave lenses in glasses?

  To counteract over-refraction for myopia
• What is the effect of the ciliary muscle relaxing?

  It stretches the lens for distant vision
• How does the lens adjust for different distances?

  By changing its curvature based on distance