Memory A02

• The multi-store model of memory

  • case study evidence- HM had his hippocampus removed to reduce severe epilepsy. personality and intellect remained intact but couldn't form new ltm. C/A KF suggests a STM store that process visual and auditory information
  • partial explanation- Craik and Lockhart suggest enduring memories are created by the processing that you do. found people remembered more word if deeply processed the list of nouns
  • methodology- artificial materials so lacks external validity
• What is the working memory model?

  A model explaining short-term memory processes
• What did the case study of KF demonstrate about working memory?

  KF had poor verbal but good visual processing
• What does KF's brain damage suggest about the phonological loop?

  It indicates the phonological loop is separate
• Why is the central executive (CE) considered vague in the working memory model?

  It doesn't provide a clear explanation of functions
• What type of tasks were used in the methodology of the working memory model studies?

  Artificial tasks
• What did Baddeley et al. find regarding word length and memory recall?

  Participants struggled with long words more
• Why do long words pose a challenge for the phonological loop?

  They can't be rehearsed in limited time
• How long is the rehearsal time in the articulatory processor?

  About 2 seconds
• What are the key components of the working memory model?


  • Central Executive (CE)
  • Phonological Loop
  • Visuospatial Sketchpad
  • Episodic Buffer
• What are the implications of KF's case study for the working memory model?

  • Supports the idea of separate memory systems
  • Highlights limitations of the phonological loop
  • Suggests the need for further research on CE
• types of long term memory

  • HM case study- his ability to form new ltm was affected by hippocampus removal but still had pre existing ltm
  • problems with clinical evidence- difficult to be certain that exact parts of the brain that had been affected until patient has died. damage to area doesn't infer area is responsible. cannot establish cause and effect
  • neuroscranning evidence- Tulving found E in hippocampus, S in temporal lobe, P in cerebelium