03. Central Nervous System

• What are the two organs of the Central Nervous System?

  Brain and Spinal Cord
• Brain

  • Largest and most complex part of the Nervous System.
  • Most highly specialized organ of the body.
  • It controls thought, memory, emotion, touch, motor skills, vision, breathing, temperature, hunger, and every process that regulates our body. 
• Spinal Cord

  • Large rope-like segment of the nerve tissue extending down to your medulla to your vertebral column.
  • Serves as a connector mechanism for spinal reflexes.
  • Through this, sensory and motor information pass between the brain and other parts of the body.
• Spinal Column

  • refers to the bone or spine
• Spinal Cord

  • refers to the set of nerves located at the spine
• Parts of the brain

  1. Brain Stem
  2. Cerebrum
  3. Cerebellum
• Brain Stem

  • It is located in the lower part of the brain.
  • Its role is to take care of the functions of the organs of your body.
  • It is divided into 4 segments
• Medulla Oblangata: performs basic life functions like breathing
• Pons: coordination and movement
• Midbrain: Involved in homeostasis and balance
• Thalamus: Relay center for sensory impulses
• Cerebrum

  • The largest and major part of your brain.
  • Many activities are controlled by specific regions of the cerebrum called lobes.
  • Divided into 2 hemispheres: Left and right
• • Left hemisphere deals with mathematics and logic.
• • Right hemisphere deals with artistry and music talents.
• Lobes of the Brain

  • Frontal
  • Parietal
  • Temporal
  • Occipital
• Frontal Lobe

  • It is the front part of the brain
  • It is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as memories and problem-solving.
  • It is also responsible for voluntary movement and expressive language.
  • For retaining memories
• Parietal Lobe

  • It is located in the upper back area of your skull.
  • It is responsible for processing information that our sensory organs receive from the outside world.
  • It is home to the brain's primary somatic sensory cortex, a region where the brain interprets input from other areas of the body.
  • For taste, touch, and smell
• Temporal Lobe

  • It is located right in your ears and is the second largest lobe.
  • It is responsible for the following functions:
  • Understanding language
  • Memory acquisition
  • Face recognition
  • Object recognition
  • Auditory information processing
• Occipital Lobe

  • It is located posterior to the parietal and temporal lobes.
  • It is the smallest out of 4 lobes of the cerebral hemisphere.
  • Its function is primarily concerned with vision.
  • It is responsible for interpreting information from the eyes and turning it into a world as a person sees it.
• Cerebellum

  • It is located between the brain stem and the hind part of cerebellum.
  • Also known as the little brain.
  • It is responsible for making postural adjustments in order to maintain balance.
  • It is also responsible for the posture and tone of the body.