Quiz 3 (ai)

• What is the primary function of the nervous system?

  Gathers, processes, and responds to information
• What triggers a response in an organism?

  A change in the environment called a stimulus
• How does the nervous system respond to stimuli?

  The response depends on how information is processed
• What does homeostasis refer to?

  Maintaining stability for survival
• What are neurons?

  Cells for the nervous system
• What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?

  Receive stimulation from the environment
• What does the cell body of a neuron look like?

  Star-shaped body branching in all directions
• What is the role of the nucleus in a neuron?

  Holds chromosomes for protein production
• What is the myelin sheath?

  Covering material of an axon
• What is the function of the axon?

  Extends the nerve cell body
• What is the node of Ranvier?

  Gap that facilitates rapid conduction of impulses
• What is a synapse?

  Small gap passing impulses to another neuron
• What are axon terminals?

  Endpoints of the axon serving as tails
• What do sensory neurons do?

  Send information from senses to the brain
• What is the role of motor neurons?

  Send information from brain to body tissues
• What do inter neurons do?

  Act as a bridge between sensory and motor neurons
• What is the largest part of the nervous system?

  The brain
• What functions does the brain control?

  Thought, memory, emotion, and motor skills
• What is the spinal cord?

  Large rope-like segment of nerve tissue
• What is the role of the spinal cord?

  Connector for spinal reflexes and information
• What is the brain stem responsible for?

  Functions of the organs of the body
• What are the segments of the brain stem?

  Medulla, Pons, Midbrain, Thalamus
• What does the cerebrum control?

  Many activities through specific lobes
• What are the two hemispheres of the cerebrum?

  Left and right hemispheres
• What does the left hemisphere deal with?

  Mathematics and logic
• What does the right hemisphere deal with?

  Artistry and music talents
• What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

  Higher cognitive functions and voluntary movement
• Where is the parietal lobe located?

  Upper back area of the skull
• What does the temporal lobe process?

  Language, memory, and auditory information
• What is the occipital lobe primarily concerned with?

  Vision
• What does the cerebellum help maintain?

  Posture and balance
• What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

  Cranial, spinal, and peripheral nerves
• How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

  12 pairs
• How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

  31 pairs
• What are the three major functions of the peripheral nervous system?

  Conveying motor commands, carrying sensory information, regulating autonomic functions
• What does the sympathetic nervous system do?

  Becomes dominant in times of fear
• What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

  Returns the body to its normal state
• What happens during sympathetic activation?

  Heartbeat increases and blood pressure rises
• What does the parasympathetic system release to slow the heart rate?

  Acetylcholine
• What are the five sensory organs?

  Skin, tongue, nose, ear, eyes