Control of blood glucose concentration

• What hormone is used to control blood glucose concentration?

  Insulin
• What should you be able to describe by the end of the video?

  Insulin's role, diabetes types, and glucagon
• What is the role of insulin in blood glucose control?

  It helps cells take up glucose from blood
• What is the storage molecule for excess glucose?

  Glycogen
• How does the pancreas respond after a carbohydrate-rich meal?

  It produces insulin to lower glucose levels
• What happens to blood glucose concentration in a person without diabetes after a meal?

  It rises and then returns to normal
• What is the main issue in type 1 diabetes?

  The pancreas does not produce enough insulin
• How does blood glucose concentration behave in a person with type 1 diabetes after eating?

  It rises and stays high due to low insulin
• How do people with type 1 diabetes manage their condition?

  They monitor glucose and inject insulin
• What is the main problem in type 2 diabetes?

  Body cells stop responding to insulin
• How is type 2 diabetes often treated?

  With a controlled carbohydrate diet and exercise
• What is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes?

  Obesity
• What hormone does the pancreas release when blood glucose concentration falls?

  Glucagon
• What does glucagon trigger in the liver?

  Conversion of glycogen back to glucose
• How do insulin and glucagon work together in blood glucose regulation?

  They form a negative feedback cycle
• What happens to blood glucose concentration throughout the day in a healthy person?

  It rises and falls slightly
• What is the purpose of the video mentioned in the study material?

  To explain blood glucose control and diabetes
• What are the key functions of insulin and glucagon in blood glucose regulation?

  • Insulin lowers blood glucose by promoting uptake and storage.
  • Glucagon raises blood glucose by converting glycogen to glucose.
  • They work in a negative feedback cycle to maintain balance.
• What are the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

  Type 1 Diabetes:

  • Insufficient insulin production by the pancreas.
  • Requires insulin injections for management.

  
  

  Type 2 Diabetes:

  • Body cells do not respond to insulin.
  • Managed with diet, exercise, and sometimes medication.
• What is homeostasis in relation to blood glucose concentration?

  • Homeostasis is the maintenance of stable internal conditions.
  • Blood glucose concentration is kept constant through insulin and glucagon.
  • Essential for energy release by cells during respiration.