external factors of female achievement

• external factors

  • rise of feminism
  • gender role socialisation
  • changing girls aspirations
• rise of feminism

  feminist argue that the feminist movement has considerable success in improving womens rights and opportunities through changes in the law. feminism has raised womens expectations and self esteem
• rise of feminism

  through an increased self esteem girls may feeel like they are worth more than being mother and they may start to adopt other aspirations such as getting a good career which motivates them to work harder in school
• rise of feminism

  These changes in law are partially reflected in media and images as in the 1970s (before the equal pay act) they emphaised the importance of marriage and not being left on the shelf whereas now they contain images of assertive women
• gender role socialisation

  gender role socialisation is the process of teaching individuals how to behave in alignment with the societal expectations of gender
• gender role socialisation

  starts in early childhood. Ann Oakely argued that parents socialised passive children into gender roles. one of the processes is canalisation.
• canalisation

  refers to the process in which parents channel their children's interests into activities or toys which are deemed as gender appropriate.

  girls are more encouraged to read books which develops their literacy skills in prepartion for nursery or primary school whereas boys are more encouraged to have parctical play through recieving footballs
• gender role socialisation shapes the behaviour of children at a young age and has the ability to prepare them for the education system