biological

• What does the Biological Approach focus on?

  Influence of genes and neurochemistry
• What does biopsychology examine?

  Nervous system and endocrine system
• What is the first assumption of the Biological Approach?

  Everything psychological is at first physiological
• Why must we look at biology to understand behavior?

  Because behavior is determined by our biology
• What question does the Biological Approach raise about traits like behavior and intelligence?

  Are they inherited like eye color?
• What do genes consist of?

  DNA that makes up chromosomes
• How do genes influence traits?

  They provide codes for physical makeup
• Who proposed the theory of natural selection?

  Charles Darwin
• What does natural selection suggest about genetic behavior?

  It enhances survival and reproduction
• What are monozygotic twins?

  Identical twins sharing 100% DNA
• What are dizygotic twins?

  Non-identical twins sharing 50% DNA
• What does a higher concordance rate in monozygotic twins suggest?

  Genetic basis for certain traits
• What is the concordance rate?

  Extent to which individuals share characteristics
• What does it imply if concordance rates for psychological traits are not 100%?

  Other factors influence these traits
• What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

  Genotype is genetic makeup; phenotype is observable traits
• How can the same genotype lead to different phenotypes in twins?

  Due to different environmental influences
• What is the focus of the nature aspect in behavior?

  Influence of genes and biology
• What does the nurture aspect focus on?

  Influence of environment and experiences
• What is a strength of the biological approach regarding scientific methods?

  It reliably measures biological processes
• How does the biological approach apply to drug therapies?

  It leads to treatments for mental health issues
• What is a weakness of the biological approach regarding determinism?

  It ignores free will in behavior
• How does the biological approach view the influence of environment on twins?

  It often ignores environmental factors
• How can the differences in personalities of separated twins be explained?

  By differences in their environments
• What is the task related to the biological approach in the exam practice?

  Discuss the influence of genes on behavior
• What are the key assumptions of the Biological Approach?

  • Everything psychological is physiological.
  • Understanding behavior requires looking at biology.
  • Genetics influence behavior.
  • Monozygotic twins share 100% DNA.
  • Dizygotic twins share 50% DNA.
  • Concordance rate measures shared characteristics.
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the biological approach?

  Strengths:

  • Reliable scientific methods.
  • Real-life applications in drug therapies.
  • Highlights genetic links through twin studies.

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Too deterministic, ignoring free will.
  • May overlook environmental factors.
• How do genotype, environment, and phenotype interact?

  • Genotype: Genetic makeup.
  • Environment: External influences.
  • Phenotype: Observable traits from genotype and environment interaction.
• How can the biological approach be evaluated against other psychological approaches?

  • Compare with behaviorism, cognitive, and biopsychology.
  • Assess the role of genetics vs. environment.
  • Rank approaches based on their explanations of behavior.