Influence of motivation on perception

• Who conducted the study in 1952 related to food deprivation?

  Gilchrist and Nesberg
• What was the aim of Gilchrist and Nesberg's study?

  To investigate food deprivation's effect on perception
• How long did participants in the experimental group go without food?

  20 hours
• How many undergraduates participated in the study?

  26 undergraduates
• What was the role of the control group in the study?

  They were not deprived of food
• How were participants assigned to conditions in the study?

  Participants were randomly assigned
• What task were participants asked to perform with the food pictures?

  Adjust the brightness of the projector
• How long were participants shown each food picture?

  15 seconds
• What did the results indicate about food-deprived participants' perception?

  They perceived food pictures as brighter
• What conclusion was drawn about hunger's effect on perception?

  Hunger increases sensitivity to food-related pictures
• What are the strengths of Gilchrist and Nesberg's study?

  • Support from similar studies increases validity
  • Example: Sanford (1936) found longer deprivation leads to greater perception of food
• What are the weaknesses of Gilchrist and Nesberg's study?

  • Ethical issues regarding food deprivation
  • Unrealistic task of judging pictures instead of real food
  • Decreased validity and generalizability
• How does motivation influence perceptual set?

  It increases the likelihood of noticing desired items
• What powerful motivator is mentioned that influences perception?

  Hunger
• What did Gilchrist and Nesberg's study suggest about hungry people?

  They perceive food pictures as more appealing
• What did Bruner and Goodman (1947) investigate?

  Motivating factors affecting perceptual set
• How did children's backgrounds affect their perception of coin sizes in Bruner and Goodman’s study?

  Poorer children thought coins were bigger
• What does the difference in coin size perception suggest about poverty?

  Poverty acts as a motivational factor affecting perception