Resistance

• What is social support?

  When a person resists the pressure to conform or obey when they have someone (ally) supporting their point of view.
• what do allies do?

  • build confidence.
  • allow individuals to remain independent.
• why does social support allow a person to resist to conform or obey?

  • no longer fear being ridiculed.
  • allows them to avoid normative social influence.
  • more able to disobey orders.
• how does the asch unanimity variation support social support?

  • a confederate was asked to give correct answer throughout.
  • conformity dropped to 5%
  • the participant had someone supporting them, so, resisted the pressure to conform
• how does the milgram variation support social support?

  • Real participant paired with two additional confederates.
  • these confederates refused to go on and withdrew from experiment early.
  • obedience dropped form 65% to 10%
  • real participant had support for their desire to disobey and so more likely to resist the pressure of an authority figure.
• What is locus of control?

  Thee extent to which people believe they have control over their own lives
• who proposed the locus of control?

  rotter 1966
• what is internal locus of control?

  when a person believes that what happens in their life is the result of their own behaviour and that they have control over their life
• what is external locus of control?

  these people believe that what happens to them is controlled by external factors and that they do not have complete control over their life.
• why is an internal LOC individual more likely to resist pressures to conform or obey?

  when a person takes personal responsibility for their actions and experiences, they are more likely to base their decisions on their own beliefs and resists pressures from others.
• what are some traits of a person with internal locus of control?

  • self-confidence
  • achievement - orientated
  • higher intelligence
  • less need for social approval
• what is the research support for locus of control?

  • Holland 1967
  • repeated milgram study and measured individuals on whether they were internals externals.
  • 37% of internals did not continue to highest shock level ( greater resistance to authority).
  • 23% of externals did not continue.
  • increases the validity of the LOC explanation
• what is the contradictory research for locus of control?

  • twenge et al 2004.
  • analysed data from America locus of control studies over a 40 year period.
  • over time, people have become more resistance to obedience but also more external.
  • if resistance were linked to internal LOC, we would expect people to have become more internal