Peer review and psychology and the economy

• What is meant by peer review? (2)

  • the process of subjecting a piece of research to independent scrutiny by other psychologists working in a similar field who consider the research in terms of its validity, significance and originality
• Explain why peer review is an important aspect of the scientific process (4)

  • It is difficult for authors and researchers to spot every mistake. Showing the work to others increases the probability that weaknesses will be identified and addressed.
  • It helps to prevent the spreading of irrelevant findings, unacceptable interpretations, and deliberate fraud.
  • Peer reviewers also judge the quality and the significance of the research in a wider context.
  • This process ensures that published research can be taken seriously because it has been independently scrutinised by fellow researchers.
• Peer-reviewed research may be accepted, sent back for revisions or rejected,
• Briefly explain one reason why it is important for research findings to undergo a peer review process (2)

  • prevents spreading of irrelevant findings / unwarranted claims / unacceptable interpretations / personal views and deliberate fraud – improves quality of research
  • ensures published research is taken seriously because it has been independently scrutinised
  • increases probability of weaknesses / errors being identified – authors and researchers are less objective about their own work.