Lymphocytes and cell mediated res

Cards (81)

  • What is the main function of T lymphocytes?
    Cell-mediated immunity
  • What is the difference between specific and non-specific defence mechanisms?
    Specific mechanisms are slower and long-lasting
  • What is the process called when pathogens are engulfed by cells?
    Phagocytosis
  • What forms after a pathogen is engulfed?
    Phagosome
  • What enzymes break down the engulfed pathogen?
    Lysozymes
  • What organelles release lysozymes?
    Lysosomes
  • What are the two main types of lymphocytes?
    • B lymphocytes (B cells)
    • T lymphocytes (T cells)
  • Where are lymphocytes produced?
    Bone marrow
  • What is the role of T cells in cell-mediated immunity?
    Target infected body cells
  • What do phagocytes do?
    Ingest and destroy pathogens
  • What attracts phagocytes to the site of infection?
    Chemical products from pathogens
  • What is the vesicle called that forms during phagocytosis?
    Phagosome
  • How do lysosomes contribute to phagocytosis?
    They fuse with phagosomes to release enzymes
  • What is the primary immune response?
    The body's initial response to infection
  • What triggers antibody production in the body?
    Presence of non-self antigens
  • What are antigens?
    Proteins found on invading cells
  • Where do B lymphocytes mature?
    Bone marrow
  • What type of immunity do B lymphocytes provide?
    Humoral immunity
  • Where do T lymphocytes mature?
    Thymus gland
  • What do T lymphocytes respond to?
    Antigens presented on body cells
  • What are antigen-presenting cells?
    Cells displaying foreign antigens
  • What do cloned T cells become?
    Memory cells for future immunity
  • What activates helper T cells?
    Binding to antigens on phagocytes
  • What do cytotoxic T cells do?
    Kill abnormal or infected cells
  • What protein do cytotoxic T cells produce?
    Perforin
  • Why is killing infected cells important?
    Stops viral replication and spread
  • What is the role of memory cells?
    Provide future immunity
  • What is the significance of the integrity of healthy cell membranes?
    Maintains survival of healthy cells
  • What is the relationship between T lymphocytes and cancer cells?
    T lymphocytes target cancer cells' abnormal antigens
  • How do T lymphocytes distinguish between normal and invader cells?
    By recognizing different antigens on surfaces
  • What happens when T cells recognize a specific antigen?
    They activate and proliferate
  • What is the role of phagocytes in the immune response?
    Engulf and present antigens to T cells
  • What is the function of the primary immune response?
    Provides initial immunity against infection
  • What is the significance of the cellular response?
    Targets infected body cells specifically
  • How do T cell receptors function?
    They recognize specific antigens
  • What is the role of helper T cells in the immune response?
    Stimulate other immune cells
  • What is the importance of the immune system's ability to recognize antigens?
    It enables targeted immune responses
  • What happens to the immune response after the initial exposure to an antigen?
    It becomes more efficient upon re-exposure
  • What is the role of antibodies in the immune response?
    Neutralize pathogens and mark them for destruction
  • How does the immune system adapt to new pathogens?
    By generating diverse lymphocyte populations