B5

• What is homeostasis?


  Process of maintaining a stable internal environment
• Why do cells need homeostasis?

  To function properly under optimal conditions
• What happens if a cell is too hot or too cold?

  It cannot function properly
• What are some conditions that need to be regulated for homeostasis?

  Temperature, acidity, glucose, and water levels
• How does the body regulate internal conditions?

  By keeping levels around the right bounds
• What is the definition of homeostasis?

  Regulation of conditions to maintain stability
• How does homeostasis respond to external changes?

  It maintains internal conditions despite external changes
• What happens when you walk in the snow?

  Your body maintains a temperature of 37 degrees
• What are the three main components of automatic control systems?

  Receptors, coordination centers, and effectors
• What role do receptors play in homeostasis?

  They detect changes in conditions
• What are coordination centers in the body?

  Brain and spinal cord
• What do effectors do in homeostasis?

  Carry out changes to restore conditions
• How do the nervous and endocrine systems communicate in homeostasis?

  Nervous system uses electrical impulses; endocrine uses hormones
• What is the speed of response for the nervous system?

  Fast and precise
• How do hormones function in the endocrine system?

  They travel in the bloodstream to target cells
• What is the characteristic of the endocrine system compared to the nervous system?

  Slower, longer-lasting, and more generalized
• What is the mechanism called that regulates homeostasis?

  Negative feedback
• What happens when glucose levels rise too high?

  Negative feedback decreases glucose levels
• What occurs if glucose levels drop too low?

  Negative feedback increases glucose levels
• What is the first step when entering a cold room?

  Receptors detect low temperature
• What do coordination centers do after detecting a change?

  Interpret the change and decide actions
• What response do muscles have when it's cold?

  They contract to generate heat
• What happens if the body temperature rises too high?

  Receptors detect the rise and signal effectors
• What is the overall process of homeostasis?

  Maintaining a stable internal environment
• What are the components of automatic control systems in homeostasis?

  • Receptors: Detect changes
  • Coordination centers: Interpret changes
  • Effectors: Carry out responses
• How does negative feedback work in homeostasis?

  • Detects when levels are too high or too low
  • Sends signals to adjust levels back to normal
  • Opposes the initial change to restore balance
• What do large multicellular organisms like humans rely on for communication between body parts?

  Nervous and endocrine systems
• What are the two organ systems that help coordinate behavior in humans?

  Nervous system and endocrine system
• What is another name for a nerve cell?

  Neuron
• How are neurons adapted to carry electrical impulses?

  They are long, thin, and have branches
• What is the function of a synapse in neuron communication?

  It connects two nerve cells
• What happens when an electrical impulse reaches the end of a nerve?

  Chemicals are released across the synapse
• How does the nervous system function as a whole?

  It consists of billions of neurons working together
• What makes up the central nervous system (CNS)?

  Brain and spinal cord
• What role do sensory neurons play in the CNS?

  They carry information from receptors to the CNS
• What type of information do sensory neurons transmit?

  Changes in temperature or carbon dioxide levels
• What does the CNS do with the information it receives?

  It decides what actions to take
• What type of neurons send impulses back to the body?

  Motor neurons
• What are effectors in the nervous system?

  Muscles or glands that respond to impulses
• How do reflex arcs function in the nervous system?

  They provide rapid, automatic responses