Production of whole new organisms by cloningtechniques, commonly used in animal’s selective breeding (like dairy cattle and sheep)
Easy to make some invertebrates’ artificial clones (liquidise sponge, chop up starfish), more difficult to clone vertebrates; there are two common methods now used widely
Advantages: Desirable genetic characteristics passed on, reproduce infertile animals, doesn’t need to be breeding season, increase endangeredspecies population and develop new disease treatments
Disadvantages: Difficult, time-consuming, expensive, no genetic variability, undesirable characteristics passed on, clones may not live as long as natural and many clone embryos fail to develop/miscarry
