Survival of church

• What was the primary reason Elizabeth I wanted to maintain the 1559 religious settlement?

  To ensure political and religious stability
• What role did the Court of High Commission play in maintaining the Church of England?

  It prosecuted religious radicals
• Why were religious radicals seen as too extreme by most people?

  They preferred a middle-of-the-road approach
• How did peer pressure contribute to the survival of the Church of England?

  By making church attendance compulsory and fining absentees
• Why were Catholics discredited in England by 1603?

  They were associated with rebellions against a religious monarch
• What lesson did Englishmen learn from the religious conflicts in France and the Netherlands?

  The dangers of encouraging religious disagreements
• By 1603, how many generations had the Anglican Church influenced?

  Two generations
• What measures did the Anglican Church take to secure its position by 1603?

  Defining essential beliefs and using a licensing system
• Who was John Whitgift and what was his role in the Church of England?

  He was an uncompromising supporter of Anglicanism
• Why did Anglicanism survive as a religious compromise?

  It offered a middle ground between Catholicism and Puritanism
• Who wrote "The Law of Ecclesiastical Polity" in 1593?

  Richard Hooker
• What did Richard Hooker believe about the Church of England?

  It represented a compromise between Catholic tradition and continental reformers
• What was Richard Hooker's view on bishops in the Church of England?

  They were not essential but convenient
• In political terms, why was Anglicanism considered a success?

  It helped England avoid destructive civil wars over religious identity
• How did Elizabeth I's religious policies contribute to her image as a monarch?

  She emerged as a strong, independent monarch not bound by the Pope
• What was a criticism of the Anglican Church by the more religious fringes?

  It seemed morally lax
• How have Catholic historians viewed Elizabeth I's religious policies?

  They have been critical of their ruthlessness
• What were the key factors that contributed to the survival of Anglicanism by 1603?

  • Political and religious stability under Elizabeth I
  • Prosecution of religious radicals by the Court of High Commission
  • Peer pressure and compulsory church attendance
  • Discrediting of Catholics due to rebellions
  • Influence of the Anglican Church over two generations
  • Support from figures like John Whitgift and Richard Hooker
  • Avoidance of destructive civil wars seen in France and the Netherlands
• What were the political and religious outcomes of Anglicanism by 1603?

  Political outcomes:

  • Avoidance of civil wars over religious identity
  • Elizabeth I emerged as a strong, independent monarch

  
  

  Religious outcomes:

  • Criticism of the clergy and moral laxity
  • Catholic historians criticized the ruthlessness of policies
• What social consequences did people face for not attending church services?

  They became subject to gossip and isolation
• In what year did John Whitgift become a powerful ally for Elizabeth I?

  1583
• What did Richard Hooker believe about the Anglican middle way?

  It represented the true Christian faith
• How did Elizabeth I's religious policies demonstrate her independence from the Pope?

  She was not bound by the Pope's authority