Learn It Sheets

• What is the focus of Chapter 16?

  Adaptations and interdependence
• What are abiotic factors?

  Non-living factors in the ecosystem
• How can too much or too little of abiotic factors affect a community?

  It can negatively affect the community
• Name one abiotic factor that affects plants.

  Carbon dioxide levels
• What is one abiotic factor that affects animals living in water?

  Oxygen levels
• What are biotic factors?

  Living factors in the ecosystem
• How do new predators affect populations in a community?

  They can negatively affect populations
• What is interdependence in a community?

  Species depend on others for resources
• What is a population?

  Total number of same species in an area
• What is a community?

  Group of different species in an area
• What is an ecosystem?

  Interaction of living organisms with environment
• What happens when the population of hares increases?

  There is a larger food supply for lynx
• What occurs when the lynx population grows?

  More offspring survive due to food supply
• What happens when the lynx population reduces the food supply?

  The number of predators starts to decrease
• What is a stable community?

  Species and factors are in balance
• How does interdependence affect a community?

  Removing one species can affect the whole community
• What do organisms compete for in a community?

  Resources like food, mates, and territory
• What is interspecific competition?

  Competition between different species
• What is intraspecific competition?

  Competition within the same species
• What do animals often compete for?

  Food, mates, and territory
• What do plants often compete for?

  Light, space, water, and minerals
• What is a structural adaptation?

  Physical features that help survival
• What is a behavioral adaptation?

  Behavior that gives an advantage
• What is a functional adaptation?

  Adaptations related to survival processes
• What is an extremophile?

  Organism living in extreme environments
• What makes an environment extreme?

  High/low temperatures, extreme pressures
• Name one extreme condition for extremophiles.

  High salt concentrations
• How do deep sea vents relate to extremophiles?

  They provide extreme conditions for survival
• What is the role of bacteria in deep sea vents?

  They are extremophiles living in extreme conditions
• What are the key terms related to adaptations and interdependence?

  • Abiotic factor
  • Adaptation
  • Biotic factor
  • Community
  • Ecosystem
  • Extremophile
  • Interaction
  • Interdependence
  • Interspecific competition
  • Intraspecific competition
  • Population
• What are the three types of adaptations?

  • Structural adaptations
  • Behavioral adaptations
  • Functional adaptations
• What are the abiotic factors that can affect a community?

  • Carbon dioxide levels for plants
  • Light intensity
  • Moisture levels
  • Oxygen levels for aquatic animals
  • Soil pH and mineral content
  • Temperature
  • Wind intensity and direction
• What are the biotic factors that can affect a community?

  • Availability of food
  • New predators
  • New pathogens
  • Competition between species
• What are the characteristics of a stable community?

  • All species and factors are in balance
  • Population sizes remain fairly constant
  • Predator and prey populations rise and fall in cycles