c spine

• AP Axial cspine


  IR: 8x10 LW

  Patient pos: supine or upright with back against the bucky. elevate chin, suspend respirations

  CR: angled 15-20 degrees cephalad entering MSP and C4

  SID: 40"

  Tech: 66 @ 8-10
• AP axial obl cspine

  IR: 8x10 LW

  patient pos: upright, supine. rotate to a 45 degree obl. elevate chin slightly. suspend respirations

  CR: angled 15-20 degrees cephalad entering at the level of C4

  SID: 72"

  Tech: 77 @ 25-28
• PA axial obl cpsine

  IR: 8x10 LW

  Patient pos: upright, prone. rotate the paatient 45 degrees. elevate chin slightly. suspend respirations

  CR: angled 15-20 degrees caudad entering at the level of C4

  SID: 72"

  Tech: 77 @ 25-28
• lateral cspine


  IR: 8x10 LW

  Patient pos: upright with left or right side against the bucky, head is neutral with chin elevated slightly, expiration

  CR: perpendicular to the IR at the level of C4

  SID: 72"

  Tech: 77 @ 25-28
• lateral trauma cspine


  IR: 10x12 LW

  Patient pos: supine. place gridded IR vertically on the shoulder and against the stretcher. do not adjust the head or remove the collar. expiration

  CR: horizontal and perpendicular to the IR entering C4

  SID: 72"

  Tech: 77 @ 25-28
• lateral twining cspine


  IR: 10x12 LW

  Patient pos: seated or standing in a true lateral position. raise the arm that is closest to the bucky over their head and lower the opposite. suspend respiration or use a breathing tech

  CR: angled 0-5 degrees caudad entering at the level of C7 T1 joint space and MCP

  SID: 40"

  Tech: 80 @ 50
• lateral flex/ex cspine


  IR: 8x10 LW

  Patient pos: upright with their left or right side against the bucky, suspend respirations (flex - lower chin to chest) (ex - slowly look up at the ceiling)

  CR: perpendicular to the IR entering C4

  SID: 72"

  Tech: 77 @ 25-28
• AP odontoid open mouth

  IR: 8x10 CW

  Patient pos: supine, seates, or standing. ask the patient to open their mouth as wide as possible. adjust the patients head so the line from the lower edge of the upper incisors to the tip of the mastoid process is perpendicular to the IR

  CR: perpendicular to the IR entering the midpoint of the open mouth

  SID: 40"

  Tech: 66 @ 25-28
• AP odontoid fuchs


  IR: 8x10 CW

  Patient pos: supine, adjust the head so MML is perpendicular to the IR. suspend respirations

  CR: perpendicular to the IR entering at MSP and a point just inferior to the tip of the chin

  SID: 40"

  Tech: 66 @ 25-28
• PA odontoid judd


  IR: 8x10 CW

  Patient pos: prone. adjust the head so MML is perpendicular to the IR. suspend respirations

  CR: perpendicular to the IR entering MSP and 1" inferior to the level of the mastoid tips

  SID: 40"

  Tech: 66 @ 25-28
• indications


  trauma

  fracture

  subluxation (partial dislocation)

  pain

  herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)(herniated disk)

  osteoarthritis

  osteoporosis (compression fracture)

  ankylosing spondylitis (bamboo spine)
• patient prep


  shirt and bra off

  earrings off

  no hairpins

  no glasses

  no necklaces

  move hair out of the way
• pediatric considerations


  rarely obl and odontoid

  clear instructions

  octagon board

  short exposure times

  can be done seated
• geriatric considerations


  hearing loss

  eyesight

  look at them when talking

  seated

  upright in stretcher

  short exposure times

  kyphosis

  skin issues
• curves

  A) first compensatory curve

  B) concave

  C) lordotic

  D) first primary curve

  E) convex

  F) second compensatory curve

  G) concave

  H) lordotic

  I) second primary curve

  J) convex

  
• spine

  A) usual

  B) normal

  
• spine

  A) kyphosis

  B) increased convexity

  C) lordosis

  D) increased concavity

  
• spine

  A) scoliosis

  
• C1

  A) sectional view of dens

  B) transverse atlantal ligament

  C) transverse process

  D) posterior arch

  E) superior facet

  F) superior articular process

  G) lateral mass

  H) anterior arch

  
• C2

  A) dens

  B) body

  C) superior articular process

  D) lamina

  E) spinous process

  F) inferior articular process

  G) transverse foramen

  
• C1 and C2

  A) dens

  B) anterior arch

  C) lateral mass of C1

  D) right superior articular process of C2

  E) body of C2

  F) left atlantoaxial joint

  G) inferior articular process of C1

  H) transverse process of C1

  
• C3-C7

  A) body

  B) pedicle

  C) transverse process

  D) vertebral foramen

  E) bifid tip

  F) spinous process

  G) lamina

  H) superior articular process

  I) transverse foramen

  
• C3-C7

  A) superior articular process

  B) transverse process

  C) body

  D) inferior articular process

  E) spinous process

  F) articular pillar