Meanwhile, in the United States

• Where were most laboratory procedures performed in the United States in the early days of medical technology?

  • By the physician with a microscope in their home or office
• Where was the first clinical laboratory set up in the United States?

  • At the University of Michigan Hospital
• Who is the one that opened a teaching laboratory in America at Bellevue Medical College now known as the New York University Medical School?

  • Dr. William Welch
• What was Dr. William Welch's role at John Hopkins University in 1886?

  • He was the first physician recruited to be a professor and was appointed as the head of the Department of Pathology
• Who introduced the microscope and blood counting machine in 1880?

  • Dr. William Osler
• What did Dr. William Osler establish at John Hopkins Hospital in 1898?

  • Ward laboratories
• Who wrote the book entitled "Clinical Diagnosis: A Manual of Laboratory Methods" and in what year?

  • James Campbell Todd in 1908
• Who edited James Campbell Todd's “Clinical Diagnosis: A Manual of Laboratory methods”?

  • John Bernard Henry
• What was John Bernard Henry’s contribution to James Campbell Todd’s book?

  • He edited the book and renamed it "Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods"
• What was the title of John Kolmer’s publication in 1918?

  • "The Demand for a Training of Laboratory Technicians"
• What did “The Demand for and Training of Laboratory Technicians" describe?

  • the first formal training course in medical technology
• What state legislature law says that all hospitals and institutions were required to have a fully equipped laboratory for routine testing and to employ a full-time laboratory technician and what year was it enacted?

  • State legislature of Pennsylvania in 1915
• In 1920, who directed the administrative units of clinical laboratories in hospitals?

  • A chief physician
• What were the 4-5 divisions of clinical laboratories in hospitals during 1920?

  • Clinical pathology
  • bacteriology
  • microbiology
  • serology
  • radiology
• What does ASCP stand for?

  • American Society of Clinical Pathology 
• When was the American Society of Clinical Pathology (ASCP) founded?

  • 1922
• What did the ASCP establish for technicians and technologists?

  • A code of ethics
• As medical technologists, what should be refrained from doing?

  • Refrain from making oral diagnosis and should be lead and divulged by the head physicians
• What milestone did the University of Minnesota achieve in 1923 regarding medical technology?

  • It became the first institution to offer a free program in Medical Technology
• What does ASCLS stand for?

  • American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science
• What was the original name of the American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS)?

  • The American Society for Medical Technologists
• Which organization was the ASCLS originally a subgroup of?

  • The American Society of Clinical Pathology or the ASCP
• Who did the ASCLS help by recognizing them as autonomous professionals?

  • nonphysician clinical laboratory scientists
• How did medical technologists sought for professional recognition back in the 1950s?

  • through licensure exams