Control of blood glucose

Cards (19)

  • What hormone is used to control blood glucose concentration?
    Insulin
  • What is the role of insulin in blood glucose control?
    It triggers cells to take up glucose
  • What happens to blood glucose concentration after a carbohydrate-rich meal?
    It rises and is sensed by the pancreas
  • What storage molecule is glucose converted into?
    Glycogen
  • How does insulin affect blood glucose levels?
    It lowers blood glucose concentration
  • What condition occurs when blood glucose control is ineffective?
    Diabetes
  • What is the main issue in type 1 diabetes?
    The pancreas does not produce enough insulin
  • How does blood glucose concentration differ between a person with type 1 diabetes and one without?
    Type 1 diabetes shows persistently high glucose levels
  • What do people with type 1 diabetes do when their blood glucose rises too much?
    They inject themselves with insulin
  • What is the main issue in type 2 diabetes?
    Body cells stop responding to insulin
  • How is type 2 diabetes often treated?
    With a controlled carbohydrate diet
  • What is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes?
    Obesity
  • What hormone is released when blood glucose concentration falls?
    Glucagon
  • What does glucagon trigger in the liver?
    Conversion of glycogen back to glucose
  • How do insulin and glucagon work together?
    They form a negative feedback cycle
  • What are the key functions of insulin and glucagon in blood glucose regulation?
    • Insulin lowers blood glucose levels
    • Glucagon raises blood glucose levels
    • They maintain homeostasis through a feedback loop
  • What are the treatments for type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
    Type 1 Diabetes:
    • Insulin injections
    • Blood glucose monitoring

    Type 2 Diabetes:
    • Controlled carbohydrate diet
    • Regular exercise
  • 

    Type 1 diabetes before insulin injection and comparison with a person who doesn't have diabetes
  • 

    Type 1 diabetes after being injected with insulin- blood glucose concentration falls, allowing the concentration to return to optimal conditions