Array

• 3 categories of data types - simple, structured, pointers.
• A simple data type is the foundation of the structured data type, where it can store only one value at a time, in contrast with a structured data type, where it is a collection of multiple data items of the same type that are used to effiecienty organize and manipulate large amounts of data.
• One of the structured data types, used in C++ programming called an array.
• An array is a collection of fixed number of components (also called elements) all the same data type and in a contiguous memory location using a single variable.
• Characteristics of an Array

  • Fixed size
  • Homogeneous data
  • Indexed access
• Types of an Array

  • One-dimensional Array
  • Multidimensional Array
• Types of an Array

  • One-dimensional Array
  • Multidimensional Array
• Array Syntax: data_type array_name [array_size]
• array_size - refers to the number of elements (container) the array can hold.
• Properties of an Array:

  • Array have an index and always start with 0.
  • To traverse the array element always use the index operator or subscript operator symbol []
  • Array size is always constant
  • sizeof operator can be used to determine the bytes size of an array and length or the number of elements of an array
• An array can have a partial initial value. (or yung sobra sa array size)
• Accessing an Array components

  Syntax:

  array_name[index];
• Index - refers to the number of which element (container) that you want to access. (always start with 0).
• The for-each loop is also known as range-based for loop that is exclusively used to traverse an array.
• for-each loop syntax:

  for (type variableName : arrayName){

  loop body

  }
• In using the for-each loop, using the & symbol (reference) to manipulate directly the original memory location of the variable. Unlike without using the &, the loop will create a copy for each element and will not affect any modifications in an array.
• Multidimensional Array Syntax:

  data_type array_name [row_size][column_size];
• Example of multidimensional array:

  int num[3][5]; //there is a total of 15 elements of an array