L2 | VARIABLE

• VARIABLE

  • Any factor or property that a researcher measures, controls, and manipulates
• CLASSIFICATION OF VARIABLES

  1. NUMERIC VARIABLES
  2. CATEGORICAL VARIABLES
  3. EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES
  4. NON EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES
  5. VARIABLES ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER BEING STUDIED
• NUMERIC VARIABLES

  • Describe a measurable quantity
  • Answers the questions: "how many", "how much"
• NUMERIC VARIABLE

  1. CONTINUOUS VARIABLE
  2. DISCRETE VARIABLE
• CONTINUOUS VARIABLE

  • Also called interval variables
  • Assume any value between a certain set of real numbers
  • Value depend on the scale used
• DISCRETE VARIABLES

  • Only assume any whole value within the limits of the given variable
• CATEGORICAL VARIABLES

  • Describe a quality or characteristic or a data unit
  • "What type", "Which category"
• CATEGORICAL VARIABLES

  1. ORDINAL VARIABLES
  2. NOMINAL VARIABLES
  3. DICHOTOMOUS VARIABLES
  4. POLYCHOTOMOUS VARIABLE
• ORDINAL VARIABLES

  • Value which can be logically ordered or ranked
• NOMINAL VARIABLES

  • Values cannot be organized in a logical sequence
• DICHOTOMOUS VARIABLES

  • Represent only 2 categories
• POLYCHOTOMOUS VARIABLES

  • Many categories
• EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES

  1. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
  2. DEPENDENT VARIABLES
  3. EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES
• INDEPENDENT VARIABLES

  • Also called manipulated / explanatory variable
  • Manipulated in an experiment
• DEPENDENT VARIABLES

  • Also called response / predicted variable
  • Usually affected by the manipulation of the independent v.
• EXTRANEOUS VARIABLE

  • Also called mediating or intervening variables
  • Already existing during the conduct of an experiment
  • Could influence the result of the study
  • Known as covariate variables
• NON EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES

  1. PREDICTOR VARIABLES
  2. CRITERION VARIABLES
• PREDICTOR VARIABLES

  • Change the other variables in a non experimental study
• CRITERION VARIABLE

  • Influenced by the predictor variable
• VARIABLES ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER BEING STUDIED

  1. UNIVARIATE STUDY
  2. BIVARIATE STUDY
  3. POLYVARIATE STUDY
• • UNIVARIATE STUDY - only 1 variable is being studied
  • BIVARIATE STUDY - 2 variables "
  • POLYVARIATE STUDY - More than 2 variables "