Freud

• what are Freuds psychosexual stages

  • oral (0-1yr) concerned with sucking and swallowing
  • anal (1-3yrs) concerned with withholding and expelling
  • phallic (3-6yrs) concerned with masturbation
  • latency (6 to puberty) concerned with absence of sexual motivation
  • genital (puberty to adulthood) concerned with sexual intercourse
• what is the unconscious

  the repressed thoughts and feelings including primitive desires with fulfilling, pleasure and dreams of gratification
• what is the preconscious mind

  the memories are not readily available but accessible
• what is the conscious

  thoughts a person currently has, which the unconscious mind cannot access
• What is atheistic foundation

  the conscience as a product of psychological and social development. Central to this view is the psyche, which Freud divided into three key components: the id, the ego, and the super ego, each playing a role
• What is the id?

  The id is the most primitive part of the psyche, governed by the pleasure principle. It seeks immediate gratification of desires and avoidance of pain, acting without regard for rules, morality, or long-term consequences. The id is instinctual, representing the basic drives like hunger, aggression, and sexual desires, and operates entirely unconsciously.
• What is the ego

  the ego emerges as the rational part of the psyche, operating according to the reality principle. It mediates between the id's impulsive demands and the constraints of the external world. The ego ensures that behavior is practical and socially acceptable, delaying gratification when necessary and navigating the complexities of reality.
• What is the superego

  super ego, however, represents the internalized voice of morality and societal norms. It develops during childhood through the process of internalizing the values, rules, and expectations of parents, authority figures, and culture. Operating on the morality principle, the super ego seeks to uphold ethical standards and perfection. It is this part of the psyche that gives rise to feelings of guilt or pride, depending on whether a person's actions align with their moral standaras.
• Explain the the court of justice analogy

  Freud compared the conscience to a "court of justice" where the superego acts as a judge. In this analogy, the superego evaluates the actions of the individual, and if the ego (the rational decision-maker) violates moral or societal rules, the superego "judges" these actions and "punishes" the ego, often through feelings of guilt or anxiety. This shows how the superego enforces moral judgments.
• What is meant by the parent/child analogy

  Freud also used the analogy of the parent and child to describe the development of the superego. In this model, the child internalizes prohibitions and moral guidance provided by the parents, which eventually become part of the superego. The conscience, as a component of the superego, emerges as an internalized version of parental figures, issuing moral commands and punishments when the child (or individual) acts contrary to societal norms.
• What is a summary of the atheistic foundation of conscience according to Freud?

  Freud's theory presents the conscience not as a divine or spiritual guide but as a psychological construct rooted in the internalization of societal values. This internal conflict between instinct, reason, and morality is central to understanding human behavior in Freud's framework.
• What is meant by the censor analogy

  Freud used was that of the censor-similar to the way a film or text editor might block or cut material deemed inappropriate. Freud described the superego as a "censor" of the unconscious desires and impulses originating from the id. It prevents these impulses from reaching the conscious mind by imposing guilt or anxiety when the ego contemplates acting in ways that go against moral or societal expectations.