01_INFECTION CONTROL

• ASEPSIS


  A term use to describe freedom from infection or infectious materials.
• ASEPSIS


  It is defined as not septic.
• ASEPSIS


  Absence of disease causing organisms
• CLEAN


  Denotes the absence of almost all microorganisms
• DIRTY


  Soiled, contaminated
• DIRTY


  Denotes likely presence of microorganisms, some of which may be capable of causing infection.
• STERILE


  Denotes total freedom or absence from microorganisms.
• STERILE


  freedom from all microorganisms
• PATHOGENS


  Microorganisms capable of providing diseases.
• INFECTION


  The process by which the pathogens invade the body.
• INFECTION


  Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses,  and parasites that are not normally present within the body.
• DISEASE


  It is a detectable sign, symptoms, or alterations in normal body tissues.
• ASYMPTOMATIC


  A term used to describe a disease that do not manifest symptoms.
• SYMPTOMATIC


  A term used to describe a disease that manifest symptoms.
• COMMUNICABLE DISEASE


  A disease that can spread from one person to another.
• SUSCEPTIBILITY

  The degree of resistance the individual has on pathogens.
• SUSCEPTIBILITY


  Ability of an organism to be infected
• NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION


  Refers to the infections that are transmitted from the hospital.
• CAUSATIVE AGENT


  Refers to the biological pathogen which caused a disease
• DECONTAMINATION


  The use of physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate, or destroy bloodborne pathogens on a surface or item to the point where they are no longer capable of transmitting infectious particles and the surface or item is rendered safe for handling, use, or disposal."
• CONTAMINATION


  Process where contact with a microorganism happens.
• DISINFECTION


  The destruction of pathogens, but not spores, using a chemical or physical means of disinfection
• STERILIZATION


  Process with which all pathogens including spores are destroyed.
• STERILIZATION


  Sterilization can be done with moist heat, a combination of heat and pressure, gas, radiation, and boiling water.
• ANTISEPTIC


  Germicidal solution that inhibits the growth of some microorganisms.
• ANTISEPTIC


  Examples of antiseptics include iodine, alcohol and antiseptic hand washes.
• RESERVOIR


  Is the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies.
• RESERVOIR


  Include humans, animals, and the environment.
• CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROORGANISMS TO CAUSE A DISEASE

  1. PATHOGENICITY
  2. VIRULENCE
  3. INFECTIVE DOSE
• PATHOGENICITY


  Ability of microorganisms to enter and survive in the host.
• VIRULENCE


  Refers to the strength and power of microorganisms to cause a disease.
• INFECTIVE DOSE


  Refers to the number of microorganisms to cause a disease.
• TYPES OF ASEPSIS

  1. Medical
  2. Surgical
• MEDICAL ASEPSIS


  Includes all practices intend to confine a specific microorganism to a specific area, limiting the number, growth, and transmission of microorganisms.
• MEDICAL ASEPSIS


  Procedures which excludes disease causing microorganisms.
• MEDICAL ASEPSIS


  Sometimes referred to as “clean technique”
• MEDICAL ASEPSIS


  EXAMPLE:

  1. Handwashing, donning gloves & removing gloves
• SURGICAL ASEPSIS


  Includes all the sterile procedures and techniques used to exclude all microorganisms from an area.
• SURGICAL ASEPSIS


  Sometimes referred to as “sterile technique”
• CHAIN OF INFECTION


  1. ETIOLOGIC AGENT
  2. RESERVOIR
  3. PORTAL OF EXIT
  4. MODE OF TRANSMISSION
  5. PORTAL OF ENTRY
  6. SUSCEPTIBLE HOST