CH 6 Elements and Principles of design

• Balance is the distribution of visual weight in a design.
• Tertiary hues are a combination of primary and secondary hues.
• Secondary hues are a combination of primary hues.
• A line is created by connecting two or more points and can be used to divide a space, direct the eye, and separate contents and elements in a layout.
• A point is represented by a dot and establishes position and acts as a visual focus.
• Shape is a combination of lines, points, and space, used in drawing to represent real objects, symbolize abstract thoughts, or define artistic designs.
• There are three basic types of shapes: geometric, natural, and abstract.
• Geometric shapes like squares and rectangles represent security, stability, strong market position, strong character, firmness, protection, and tradition.
• Geometric shapes like circles represent infinity, harmony, community, completeness and perfection. It also shows no beginning or end
• Geometric shapes like triangles are associated with dynamic tension, aggression, energy, stability, progression, and direction.
• Natural shapes are formed from natural things.
• Standardized natural shapes for example are leaves and apples.
• Abstract shapes are modified types of natural shapes and can include icons, stylized figures, and graphic illustrations.
• Color is produced by an object that reflects light and can have a dramatic impact on a design.
• Hue is another name for color.
• Properties of color include primary colors, secondary colors, and tertiary colors.
• Primary hues in color are red, yellow, and blue.
• The three basic elements of design are point, line, and space.
• Size refers to how large or small something is in a document and can attract attention.
• Texture refers to the look or feel of the surface and can be visual or tactile.
• Visual texture creates an illusion of texture on a printed material or a webpage.
• Tactile texture can be physically felt.
• An image is a picture stored in electronic form and can be described as vector or raster graphics.
• A raster image is made up of rectangular pixels arranged in a grid formation and can be scaled while losing image quality.
• A vector image is made up of a specific number of dots. It can be scaled to a larger size and not lose any image quality.
• The principles of design include: Balance, Contrast, Emphasis, Rhythm, and Unity
• Design is the creation of a plan or convention for the construction of an image.
• Balance in design refers to the equal distribution of weight and can be symmetrical or asymmetrical.
• Symmetrical balance: Placement of elements in a design that creates a sense of equilibrium.
• Asymmetrical balance: unequal placement of elements in a design that creates a sense of balance through visual weight.
• Contrast: Placement of heavy and light elements or difference in the value of colors to create visual interest.
• Emphasis: Distribution of heavy and light elements in a design to highlight certain elements.
• Rhythm: Repetition of one or more elements in a design to create a sense of movement or mood.
• Unity: Feeling of harmony created by all the parts and elements of a design.
• Pixel: The smallest unit of a digital image or graphic that can be displayed and represented on a digital display device.
• GIF (Graphics Interchange Format): A file format for images that supports animation and a limited color palette.
• PNG (Portable Network Graphics): A file format for images that supports lossless compression and transparency.
• JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Group): A file format for images that uses lossy file compression to reduce file size.
• GIF is a file format for storing graphical images up to 256 colors, using lossless compression for higher quality output.
• PNG is a file format created as a more powerful alternative to GIF, allowing for transparent backgrounds.