L3 | SPANISH PERIOD

• • Discovered by Ferdinand Magellan on March 17, 1521 at Homonhon Island, and encountered Rajah Humabon
• MIGUEL LOPEZ DE LEGAZPI

  • First spanish governor of the Philippines
  • Spanish colonization started in 1565 during his time
• INFLUENCES

  • Baybayin -> Roman Alphabet
  • DOCTRINA CHRISTIANA
  • Also called the Christian doctrine
  • Basis of religious practice
  • Conquistadors (spanish conquerors) destroyed written literature in the pre-colonial period.
• INFLUENCES

  • Religious secular prose and poetry are introduced 
  • Periodicals governed a religious tone
  • Spanish language became the literary language
  • CLAVERIA DECREE 1849
  • Spanish surnames
  • Imposed by governor general Narciso Claveria
• RECREATIONAL PLAYS

  1. CENACULO
  2. PANUNULUYAN
  3. SALUBONG
  4. KOMEDYA
  5. ZARZUELA
  6. CARILLO
• CENACULO

  • Dramatic performance to commemorate the passion and death of Jesus Christ
• PANUNULUYAN

  • Performed before 12:00 on christmas eve
• SALUBONG

  • Easter play that dramatizes the meeting of the risen Christ and his mother 
• KOMEDYA 

  • Battle between Muslims and Christian
  • Moro-moro
• ZARZUELA

  • Lyric dramatic genre alternating spoken and sung scenes
  • A musical comedy
  • Severino Reyes
  • “Father of Drama”
• CARILLO

  • Shadow play; moonless night or dark nights
• POETRY STYLES

  1. AWIT / SONGS
  2. CORRIDO / KURIDO
• AWIT / SONGS

  • 12 syllables
  • a lyric poem in regular metric pattern set to music
• CORRIDO / KURIDO

  • 8 syllables
  • Recited to antenatal beat
• BOOKS PRINTED

  1. DOCTRINA CHRISTIANA
  2. NINAY
  3. THE PASSION / PASYON
• DOCTRINA CHRISTIANA

  • First book printed in the Philippines in xylography (carving)
• NINAY

  • First novel in Spanish written by a Filipino
• THE PASSION / PASYON

  • The book about life and suffering of Jesus Christ 
• EXPERIENCES OF FILIPINO UNDER SPANIARDS

  • No equality before the law
  • Human rights denied to Filipino
  • Forced labor / Polo y Servicio
  • Racial discriminations
  • Instability of colonial administrations
  • Corrupt Spanish officials
  • No Philippines representation in Spanish Cortes
  • Frailocracy (friars or priests)
  • Guardia Civil
• SPANISH COLONIZATION

  • "Period of Enlightenment"
• GOMBURZA

  • Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora was executed in 1872 for their alleged involvement in the Cavite Mutiny
• PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT (1872 - 1896)

  • REFORMISTS OBJECTIVE:

  1. Equality for Filipino and Spaniards under the law
  2. Restoration of Filipino representation in Spanish Cortes
  3. Filipinization of parishes and expulsions of friars
  4. Human rights of Filipino
  5. Philippines to be fully incorporated into Spanish as Spanish Province
• PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT

  1. JOSE RIZAL
  2. MARCELO DEL PILAR
  3. GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA
  4. PEDRO PATERNO
  5. JOSE MARIA PANGANIBAN
  6. ANTONIO LUNA
• JOSE RIZAL

  • PEN NAME: Laonglaan Dimas-alang
  • Noli me Tangere
  • El Filibusterismo
  • A La Joventud Filipino (To the Filipino Youth)
• MARCELO DEL PILAR

  • PEN NAME: Plaridel, Pupdoh, Piping Dilat, Dolores Manapat
  • Ang Cadaquilaan ng Diyos
  • Dasalan at Tocsoh
  • Caiingat Cayo
• GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA

  • PEN NAME: Diego Laura
  • La Hija Del Fraile
  • Fray Botod
  • Everything is Hambug
• PEDRO PATERNO

  • Ninay
  • A Mi Madre (To my Mother
  • Sampaguitas y otras poesias varias
• JOSE MARIA PANGANIBAN

  • PEN NAME: Jomapa / J.M.P 
  • Ang Lupang Tinubuan
• ANTONIO LUNA

  • PEN NAME: Tagailog
  • Noche Buena
  • La Tertulia Filipina (A Filipino Conference or Feast)
• PERIOD OF ACTIVE REVOLUTION (1896 - 1898)

  1. ANDRES BONIFACIO
  2. EMILIO JACINTO
  3. APOLINARIO MABINI
  4. JOSE PALMA
• ANDRES BONIFACIO

  • Huling Paalam
  • Katungkulang Gagawin ng mga Anak ng Bayan (Obligations of our countrymen)
• EMILIO JACINTO

  • PEN NAME: Pingkian
  • Kartilya ng Katipunan
  • Liwanag sa Dilim
• APOLINARIO MABINI

  • Er Verdadero Decalogo
• JOSE PALMA

  • PEN NAME: Ana-haw / Gan Hantik
  • Hymno Nacional Filipino