Module 2 Chemistry

    Cards (234)

    • Who believed in the indivisible atom in the 5th Century BCE?
      Democritus
    • What did Democritus propose about atoms?
      Atoms are the smallest particles to exist
    • What did Dalton's early atomic theory state about atoms?
      Atoms are tiny particles that make up elements
    • What was a key feature of Dalton's atomic theory?
      All atoms of a given element are the same
    • What did Dalton develop related to atomic masses?
      The first table of atomic masses
    • What did J.J. Thomson discover about cathode rays?
      Cathode rays are negatively charged electrons
    • What model did Thomson propose based on his discoveries?
      The "plum pudding" model of the atom
    • What did Rutherford's gold foil experiment discover?
      The existence of the nucleus in atoms
    • What did Rutherford conclude about the nucleus?
      It has a small concentrated positive charge
    • What is the nuclear model proposed by Rutherford?
      An atom has a dense nucleus with orbiting electrons
    • What did Bohr's model explain about electrons?
      Electrons orbit in shells around the nucleus
    • How did Bohr's model improve upon Rutherford's model?
      It prevented electrons from spiraling into the nucleus
    • What did Rutherford discover in 1918?
      The proton as a component of the nucleus
    • What did de Broglie suggest about particles in 1923?
      Particles have both wave and particle nature
    • What concept did Schrodinger introduce in 1926?
      Atomic orbitals for electrons
    • What did Chadwick discover in 1932?
      The neutron as a neutral particle
    • What are quarks in modern atomic theory?
      Smaller particles that make up protons and neutrons
    • What particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
      Protons and neutrons
    • What accounts for most of an atom's mass?
      The dense nucleus
    • What is the charge of an atom when protons equal electrons?
      Electrically neutral
    • What is the relative mass and charge of a proton?
      1.0 and +1
    • What is the relative mass and charge of a neutron?
      1.0 and 0
    • What is the relative mass and charge of an electron?
      1/2000 and -1
    • How are elements described in terms of atomic structure?
      By atomic number and mass number
    • What are isotopes?
      Elements with the same protons, different neutrons
    • How do isotopes of the same element react chemically?
      They react in the same way
    • What forms ions?
      Loss or gain of electrons
    • What is the unified atomic mass unit symbol?

      u
    • What is the mass of carbon-12 defined as?
      12u
    • What is relative isotopic mass measured against?
      Carbon-12
    • What does relative atomic mass consider?
      Contributions from isotopes of each element
    • How is relative molecular mass calculated?
      By adding the masses of each element
    • What does mass spectrometry measure?
      Mass-to-charge ratio of ions
    • What does a mass spectrum show?
      Relative abundance of isotopes
    • How is relative atomic mass calculated from mass spectrum data?
      Using relative abundance and isotopic masses
    • What does the periodic table help predict about ions?
      The charge based on group number
    • What is the charge of molecular ions?
      Shared across the whole molecule
    • How do you determine the formula of an ionic compound?
      By balancing the charges of ions
    • What is the formula for calculating moles?
      n = m / M
    • What is the molar mass of a substance?
      Mass per mole of a substance
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