KA 3: Fertilisers

• What is the purpose of fertilisers?

  To increase food crop yields
• What three elements are essential in fertilisers?

  Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium
• How do fertilisers benefit soil?

  They restore essential elements for growth
• What is ammonia's state and smell?

  Colourless gas with a pungent smell
• What happens when ammonia is dissolved in water?

  It forms an alkaline solution
• What does ammonia produce when reacted with acids?

  Soluble ammonium salt and water
• Who created the Haber Process?

  Fritz Haber
• What is the role of the iron catalyst in the Haber Process?

  To speed up the reaction
• What happens if the temperature is too low in the Haber Process?

  The process is not economical
• What happens if the temperature is too high in the Haber Process?

  The backward reaction becomes dominant
• What is a significant aspect of Fritz Haber's legacy?

  He is known as the father of chemical warfare
• What is the Ostwald Process used for?

  To create Nitric Acid
• What are the reactants in the Ostwald Process?

  Ammonia, water, and oxygen
• What catalyst is used in the Ostwald Process?

  Platinum
• What are the key points about fertilisers and their production?

  • Fertilisers restore essential soil elements
  • Key elements: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium
  • Ammonia and Nitric acid produce nitrogen salts
  • Ammonia is a colourless gas with a pungent smell
  • Ammonia forms an alkaline solution in water
  • Ammonia reacts with acids to form ammonium salts
  • Haber Process creates ammonia using an iron catalyst
  • Ostwald Process creates nitric acid using ammonia, water, and oxygen with platinum catalyst