bio-psychology

• what are the 2 nervous systems of the human nervous system

  1. peripheral nervous system
  2. central nervous system
• what are the 2 divisions of the central nervous system

  1. brain
  2. spinal cord
• what are the 2 divisions of the peripheral nervous system

  1. autonomic nervous system
  2. somatic nervous system
• what are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system

  1. sympathetic nervous system
  2. parasympathetic nervous system
• what does the peripheral nervous system do 


  transmits infomation to and from the central nervous system
• what does the central nervous system do 


  responsible for all our life functions/psychological processes
• what does the brain do 


  maintains life and involved in 'higher functions'. it is also involved in mental process such as memory, attention and thinking
• what does the spinal cord do 


  receives and transmits infomation to and from the brain also it is responsible for the reflex actions, it is an extension for the brain
• what does the autonomic nervous system do 


  transmits infomation to and from vital organs and controls vital functions in the body such as breathing, heart rate and digestion
• what does the somatic nervous system do 


  transmits infomation to and from senses/CNS and controls muscles movements and receives infomation from sensory receptors
• what does the sympathetic nervous system do 


  generally increases body activity ( responsible for flight or fight)
• what does the parasympathetic nervous system 


  generally decreases body activity (rest and digest)
• what does the sympathetic nervous system produce 


  produces the fight or flight response
• what does the fight or flight response do 


  it gives us energy to either fight or run away from danger
• what are the bodily functions that are increased during the sympathetic nervous system

  • heart rate
  • blood pressure
  • deep faster breathing
  • sweating
  • pupil dilate
  • adrenal gland releases cortisol and produces adrenaline
• what less important functions are stopped during sympathetic nervous system 


  salvation and digestion
• what does stopping the digestion and salvation do the body


  makes a person feel sick
• why are salvation and digestion stopped during sympathetic nervous system 


  it is less important
• what is the sympathetic nervous system activated 


  when quick action is needed
• when does the parasympathetic nervous system activate 


  it operates at all time apart form when quick action is needed. after the danger has passed the system will re-activate
• what are the 2 divisions of the human nervous system

  • peripheral nervous system
  • central nervous system
• what is the parasympathetic nervous system known as

  rest and digust
• what body functions decrease or return to normal in the parasympathetic nervous system

  • pupils return to normal size
  • sweat glands return to normal
  • adrenaline production returns normal
  • heart rate decrease
  • breathing decreases
• what functions resume in the parasympathetic nervous system 


  digestion and salvation
• what is the endocrine system 


  controls vital functions in the body and works slowly but has a powerful and widespread effect
• list 5 gland

  1. pituitary gland (major gland)
  2. thyroid gland
  3. adrenal gland
  4. testes
  5. ovaries
• what do glands produce 


  hormones
• where and what does the pituitary gland do


  it is the master gland in the brain, and controls release of hormones
• what is the thyroid gland 


  produces thyroxine which increases heart rate and metabolism and increases growth rate in turn
• what is the adrenal gland


  produces adrenaline and increase body activity
• what is the testes gland 


  produces testosterone which increases aggression, develops genitals, regulates sex life and increases muscle mass
• what is the ovaries 


  produces estrogen which controls menstrual cycle, develops breasts and wider hips
• the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system work together during...


  stressful situations
• what does the endocrine system create 


  releases hormones which create the fight or flight response
• what is the first step of fight or flight

  Firstly, sympathetic nervous system activates when we sense danger. The pituitary gland releases ACTH (a hormones)
• what is the second step of fight or flight

  Secondly, adrenal gland release adrenaline which increases our body activity. For example increasing heart rate
• what is the third step of fight or flight

  Once the threat had passed the parasympathetic nervous system will stop the glands from releasing high levels of hormones, returning our our body to rest and digest
• what are neurons

  they are specialized cells used for communication. they carry messages either between other neurons/brain areas, or to/from parts of the body
• what are sensory neuron

  • carry sensory messages from part of the body (PNS) to the CNS
  • have long dendrites and short axons
• what are motor neurons

  • carry movement messages from CNS to part of the body (PNS)
  • have short dendrites and long axons