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BI1AP3 - Anatomy & physiology (S1)
L1A: Basics of anatomy
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Cards (38)
What are the transport systems in the body?
Blood,
cardiovascular system
,
lymphatic system
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What are the two types of internal communication in the body?
Nervous system
and
endocrine system
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What are the special senses?
Vision
, hearing,
olfaction
,
equilibrium
,
gustation
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How is verbal communication produced?
Sound produced in
larynx
by
expired
air
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What is the function of non-verbal communication?
Conveys emotions through
facial expressions
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What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
Intake of
oxygen
and elimination of
carbon dioxide
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What is the pharynx commonly known as?
Throat
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What is the larynx commonly referred to as?
Voice box
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What is the trachea commonly known as?
Windpipe
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How much fluid intake is recommended per day?
6-10
half pints
glasses
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Where does absorption primarily occur in the body?
In the
small and large intestine
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What is the effect of rapid transit on absorption?
Less
absorption
occurs
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What substances are excreted by the kidneys?
Water,
urea
, hydrogen ions, waste
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Where is urine stored before excretion?
In the
bladder
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What is the primary function of the gastrointestinal tract?
Indigestion of food and elimination of faeces
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What is the balance of intake in the gastrointestinal tract?
Macronutrients
and
micronutrients
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What are the three types of digestion?
Mechanical
,
chemical
, and
enzymic
breakdown
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What does metabolism consist of?
Anabolism and catabolism
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What is excreted as solid waste?
Faeces
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What is the largest organ of the body?
Skin
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What are the functions of the skin?
Barrier
, sensory input,
thermoregulation
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What are the two main layers of the skin?
Epidermis
and dermis
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What is the epidermis?
Top layer made of
epithelial cells
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What does the dermis contain?
Blood vessels
,
nerves
, and
hair follicles
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What is the role of innate immune cells?
Defence at
body surface
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What are the types of nonspecific defense mechanisms?
Physical barriers
and natural
antimicrobial
substances
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What is inflammation a result of?
Non-specific defense mechanisms
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What is the adaptive immune system responsible for?
Specific defense against
pathogens
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What type of immunity do T-lymphocytes provide?
Cell mediated immunity
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What type of immunity do B-lymphocytes provide?
Humoral immunity
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What is the primary function of the musculoskeletal system?
Allows
movement
for various
activities
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What are the components of the musculoskeletal system?
Skeletal
, joints,
muscles
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What types of muscle movements are there?
Voluntary
and
involuntary
movements
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What is the primary goal of the reproductive system?
Survival of the fittest
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What are the key components of the reproductive system?
Ova
,
sperm
,
coitus
,
fertilization
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What is the process of pregnancy?
Development of the
embryo
after
fertilization
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What is involved in rearing young?
Care and maturation of
offspring
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What is maturation in the context of reproduction?
Development of
offspring
to
adulthood
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