biological molecules

• What are biological molecules?

  Molecules found in living organisms
• What are nutrients needed for?

  Growth, repair, and metabolism
• What elements make up carbohydrates?

  Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
• What are the smallest carbohydrates called?

  Monomers
• What do carbohydrate monomers form when they join together?

  Carbohydrate polymers
• What happens to the chemical bonds in a complex carbohydrate?

  They can be broken to form simple carbohydrates
• What can starch be broken down into?

  Glucose molecules
• Where does the breakdown of complex carbohydrates occur?

  In the mouth and small intestine
• What are proteins made up of?

  Long chains of amino acids
• What is the relationship between proteins and amino acids?

  Proteins are polymers of amino acids
• What elements are amino acids mainly made from?

  Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
• What breaks proteins down into amino acids?

  Enzymes in the stomach and small intestine
• What does the term 'lipids' refer to?

  Fats and oils
• How is a fat defined in terms of temperature?

  Solid at room temperature
• How is an oil defined in terms of temperature?

  Liquid at room temperature
• What is the structure of lipids?

  One glycerol molecule and three fatty acids
• What determines whether a lipid is a fat or an oil?

  The length and structure of fatty acids
• What elements are lipids made of?

  Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
• Why are lipids not considered polymers?

  They aren't formed from long chains of monomers
• What is the role of enzymes in the small intestine regarding lipids?

  They break lipids down inside the body